114 Report on Building Stone of New York. 



Across the creek and on the Herkimer county side. Edward 

 Callahan quarries limestone. The covering, strata and situation are 

 quite like those of Thomas's quarry. The vertical section includes 

 the following members : 



1. Earth, covering stone ._ lto3 feet. 



2. Thin and irregularly bedded, dark-blue 



limestone _ 7 to 8 feet. 



3. Quarry beds (12 in., 14 in. and 5 in.) 2 \ feet. 



4. Calcareous shale (" shelly bed ") 1 foot. 



5. Quarry beds (10 in., 6 in. and 8 in.) 2 leet. 



6. Slaty rock (" big scale ") 2 feet. 



7. Quarry beds (6 in., 6 in., 5 in., 5 in., 10 in. 



and 11 in.) 3 \ feet. 



The strata dip at a small angle northward. A close seam or joint,. 

 nearly vertical, runs north to south, and another, but open, 

 courses in a general east and west direction. These seams assist in 

 quarrying, and a little powder is used to break down top rock only. 

 By means of plug and feather wedges the blocks are split apart, and 

 the thickness determines the use. Platforms, flagging, lintels, sills, and 

 water tables are cut. In some of the thicker beds there are shaly 

 laminae, or parts, which on weathering, disfigure the stone by their 

 dirty yellow color in the darker-colored mass. The distance to 

 railroad is about one and three-quarter miles. Utica is the principal 

 market, and Mr. Callahan has a yard in that city. 



The quarry of George & Griffith (of Utica), is on lands of Mrs. 

 John S. Clark, one mile south of the last noted, and on the east or 

 left bank of the creek. The covering of earth is here also thin, and 

 the beds are nearly horizontal, and eight courses or beds are worked. 

 They are from four to sixteen inches thick. The stone is shipped 

 to Utica as the main market. This quarry was opened in 1860. 



The quarry of H. & L. N. Jones is on the west or right bank of 

 the creek, one mile south of Prospect village. It has been opened 

 for twenty-five years, and worked by the present firm for nine years. 

 The vertical section here is as follows : 



1. Earth 2 feet. 



2. Irregularly bedded limestone _ 3 feet. 



3. Quarry beds. (five).. 6 feet. 



4. Shaly limestone 4 feet. 



The bedding tit this quarry runs unevenly, and the top strata can- 

 not, be followed throughout from end to end. The beds lie nearly 



