116 Report on Building Stone of New York. 



and by a second system which is more irregular. The stone is dark- 

 blue, almost black, hard and dense. Dressed surfaces do not show 

 the sharp contrast with the natural fracture surface like the Prospect 

 stone. It is suited to heavy masonry ; and it has been used in the 

 new bridge of the R, W. & O. R. R., over the Central tracks at 

 Utica. The quarry is above the natural drainage into the creek. 

 Oue derrick does the hoisting. 



Luman Carter's quarry is on the right bank of the creek and a 

 half a mile south-east of the railroad station. The face of the quarry 

 is nearly parallel to the creek, and about 400 feet long and 80 feet 

 in height. The stratification is nearly horizontal or with a slight 

 dip to the north-west. The seams or joints run vertically east and 

 west, and about twelve feet apart ; others are less regular. These 

 seams help in the extraction of large blocks. The top strata are of 

 a light-blue stone, and the surface, when uncovered, shows beautiful 

 glacial lines in a north-west and south-east direction. The upper 

 beds aie heavy and answer for bridge work ; under them the thin- 

 ner courses, or beds, work up readily into dimension stone for house 

 work. The rough stone of the more irregularly bedded part of the 

 quarry is worked into rubble or common foundation walls. Lowville 

 is the principal market. But the heavier stone go into bridge piers 

 and heavy masonry in all parts of the county, and some to Utica* 

 The beds are all above the creek, and there is no pumping needed. 



The Lowville stone is used for bases in cemetery work. It looks 

 well when fine-pointed, but it is not so easily dressed as the Pros- 

 pect stone, and is much darker in shade, both dressed and in the rough. 



Three-Mile Bay, Jefferson County. — At Three-Mile Bay, the 

 limestone outcrops are so near the surface that much stone is obtained 

 at many places for local needs. The only quarry, which is worked 

 steadily, is that of John J. Barron, one mile south of the village, and 

 a half a mile from the railroad station. It is practically on the lake 

 shore, as the dock is only 100 yards or so west of the quarry. The 

 depth of water off the dock at this point is 15 feet. The place was 

 first opened nearly forty years ago, and a large quantity of cut stone 

 for heavy work was gotten out. It was reopened fifteen years ago. 

 The excavation has a length of 200 yards from north to south, and a 

 breadth, back, of 40 yards. The beds dip about 7° to the east. The 

 main seams or joints are dirt filled, and run in a south-westerly course, 

 irregularly, and 5 to 10 feet apart. The surface stone is thrown off 

 as waste, although good for lime. The beds are : first, the top, 28 



