Slates. 137 



both are vertical. The cleavage planes have the same direction as 

 the bedding. The greater part of the slate obtained in this quarry 

 is red. The quarry is un watered by means of a siphon ; and the slate 

 blocks are raised by one derrick, worked by horse power. 



North of the Williams quarry and on the same ridge two quarries 

 have been opened and worked, but work in them has been discon- 

 tinued. 



The quarry of Wallace & Hitchcock, north of these abandoned 

 quarries, is also idle. At all of these openings the slate rock shows 

 the same general direction in dip, and at an average angle of 38° 

 to 40°. 



The quarry of Hugh Williams, on the Hammond farm, is about a 

 quarter of a mile north of the last mentioned locality. It is about 

 80 by 40 feet. The dip of the strata is eastward or east-south-east. 

 This locality also has been idle for three years. 



Going north, the quarry of W r illiam F. Williams & Sons, is on 

 lands of W. Crosby. The opening is in a low depression or wet 

 swale, at the eastern foot of a low lying ledge of red-slate rock. The 

 slate here was found covered by a thin bed of white, clayey earth. 

 The quarry dimensions are 100 feet by 50 feet, approximately ; and 

 55 feet deep. The dip of the strata and of the cleavage plane is 45° 

 easterly. One main seam or joint system is vertical, and runs east 

 and west. Both green and red slate are found in these quarries. 

 The green variety is seen crossing the strata obliquely. A steam 

 pump, running for five hours a week, raises the quarry water. The slate 

 blocks are raised by a horse-power derrick. This quarry was opened 

 four years ago. 



The quarry of Wm. A. Nixon also is on lands of W. Crosby, and 

 a few rods only, north of the Williams quarry. There are two open- 

 ings, and they are close to the road, on the south side of it. At the 

 southern one, which was begun in the season of 1887 a depth of 25 

 feet has been reached. The strata dip south 75° east, and at an angle 

 of 45°. A red slate is obtained here, but the place is not yet opened 

 fairly to indicate its value. The old quarry of Nixon, which is now 

 idle, is several rods north of the above and near the road. A large 

 amount of roofing slate has been taken from it and the heaps of 

 waste rock about it are large. Nixon's quarry is east of, and in beds 

 a little higher than those of Williams', and, apparently, higher than 

 those which are opened on the north and across the road. It 

 is a half a mile south-east of Middle Granville. 



