254 
sent made to him in his seventh year by the King of Egypt, 
the Queen of Arabia, and the Amir of Saba, the word 
habba, with the determinative prefix already mentioned, is in- 
terchanged with gammal; and the latter word frequently 
occurs in other inscriptions. It is obviously of the same ori- 
gin with the Hebrew and Arabic word from which, through 
the Greek and Latin, our own word ‘ camel’ is derived. 
The only other animal represented on the obelisk, both the 
name and the figure of which I have been able to ascertain, 
is the horse. The Assyrian name of this animal consisted of 
two characters preceded by the same determinative as that in 
the name of the camel. The first of these has several diffe- 
rent values. It might be read kurra, but I think the most 
probable reading is satra. ‘To this would correspond a 
Hebrew, Aramzan, or Arabic word, hatar; for in all these 
languages ha, hi, and hu correspond in the pronominal forms 
and the verbal performatives to sa, si, and su, of the Assy- 
rian. Iam not aware that this word occurs in any existing 
writing in any of the languages I have mentioned ; but it is 
the Egyptian word for ‘horse;’ and the Egyptians certainly 
obtained this animal from their Asiatic neighbours, from 
whom they, no doubt, took its name also. It is an estab- 
lished fact that horses are never figured, or even mentioned, 
in the earlier Egyptian inscriptions. We have, therefore, 
strong presumptive evidence that in some of the dialects of 
Palestine, long prior to the Exodus, and indeed to Jacob’s 
descent into Egypt, the name hatar must have been applied 
to the horse ; and this leads me to prefer satra to every other 
possible reading of the Assyrian word. 
‘‘ The word for ‘ horse’ being known, that of another word 
which is never met with but immediately after it, and in inti- 
mate connexion with it, immediately follows. It necessa- 
rily signifies ‘mares.’ To establish this, I need only cite 
a single passage. In the 16th line of Bellino’s cylinder, 
Sennacherib speaks of having taken ‘208,000 men and women, 
~ > 
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