DISTRIBUTION OK INSECTS 27 



Megastizus speciosiis Drury, bag worm, Tliyridopteryx ephe7neraeformis 

 Haw, saddle back caterpillar, Sibi?ie stimulea Clem., nine pronged wheel 

 bug, Prionidiis cristatus T.inn., harlequin cabbage bug, Murga/itia his- 

 trionica Hahn, tulip scale, Lcca7iium tnlipiferae Cook, and Carolina 

 mantis, Stag7nomaiitis carolma Linn, Exact records of the occurrence 

 of these forms are rare, and notes in regard to them and their relative 

 abundance will be welcomed. 



Imported insect pests. The formidable list of injurious insects 

 which have invaded the United States from other countries and now 

 cause immense annual looses, illustrate the importance of this subject. 

 Without attempting an exhaustive compilation, the following are some 

 of the more destructive insects. Attacking the apple, pear, cherry and 

 peach ; codling moth, Tmetocera ocelhifia Schiff., apple aphis, Aphis mali 

 Fabr., apple tree bark XoM^^^Mytilaspis pomorum Bouche, San Jose scale, 

 Aspidiotus perniciostis Coxnst.j^tdiX midg^, Diplosis pyrivora Riley, bark 

 borer, Xylebonis dispar Fabr., pear psylla, Psylla py^'icola Foerst, cherry 

 aphis, Myzus cerasi Fabr., and the peach bark borer, Scolytus rugulosus 

 Ratz. These species are well known as dangerous enemies of fruit trees. 



Gypsy moth, Porthetria dispar Linn., elm-leaf beetle, Galenicella 

 luteola Miill., and elm-bark louse, Gossyparia ulmi Geoff., are three bad 

 enemies of elms. The first named does not occur in this state, though it 

 has committed extensive ravages in eastern Massachusetts. Wheat has 

 suffered most severely from the Hessian fly, Cecido77iyia destructor Say, 

 the grain aphis, Nectarophora gra7iaria Kirby and from the wheat midge, 

 Diplosis tritici Kirby, while clover is frequently attacked by the clover 

 leaf weevil, Phyto7io 77111s pimctatiis Fabr., or after it has been dried, by the 

 clover hay worm, Py7'alis costalis Fabr. A few other imported pests 

 may be named; asparagus beetles Crioceris asparagi Linn., and 

 C. \2-punctata Linn., onion fly, Phorbia cepanmi Meigen, cow horn fly 

 Hae77iatobia serrata Rob.-Desv., carpet beetle, A7it/ire?ius sc7'ophulariae 

 Linn., larder beetle, Der77iestes larda7'ius Linn., red ant, Mo7io77ioriu77i 

 pharao7iis Linn, and the croton bug, Phyllodro77iia germanica Fabr. 



There is hardly a person who can not recognize in the above-named 

 insects, one or more which has caused him considerable loss, while the 

 farmer knows many of them from sad experience. Yet these have all 

 been introduced from abroad and some are still spreading over the 

 country. Of the 73 injurious species regarded by Dr Howard as of first 

 mportance, each causing annual losses running into hundreds of thous 

 ands of dollars, 37 have been introduced, 30 are known to be native, 

 while the original home of 6 is open to question. An effort is being made 



