Introduction. 3 



iron ores, which are scattered in all of the great divisions of the 

 State. The iron sands of the shores of Long Island are left out, 

 as not properly a natural source of iron. 



In the descriptions of the iron-ore districts and mines, which here 

 follow, the arrangement is a geologico -geographical one, that is, the 

 order of succession is first, that of the sreolo^ical series as o-iven 

 above, and second, in the several districts it is geographical. The 

 general description of the districts precedes and is introductory to 

 the notes of the mines. The location in town and county, the near- 

 ness to railway or water transportation lines, the extent of opening 

 and depth of deepest pits or shafts, the geological structure, in- 

 cluding strike, (or course) and dip of the ore deposits, the nature of 

 the ore, the mining equipment and machinery, dates of first opening, 

 statistics of production, markets and names of proprietors and 

 lessees, make up the subjects of the notes on each mine and mine 

 group. 



