The Highlands of the Hudson — Magnetic Iron Ores. 21 



city, began operations. Four parallel " veins," orjore beds, have been 

 found within a breadth of ninety feet, from foot- wall to the hanging- 

 wall. The course, or strike, of the ore is about north 18° east, and 

 the dip at an angle of 39°-40° to the east-south-east The beds 

 of ore are irregular and of varying thickness, and coalesce into 

 two and, in places, into one bed. The longest slope is 1,200 feet 

 in length, and has reached a point beyond the Kent Cliffs road. 

 There are three slopes, from which drifts run each way into the ore, 

 and the ore-body has been opened for a length of 450 feet. The 

 vertical depth is 490 feet. According to the observations of E. A. 

 Le Wald, the manager, there are no distinguishing characteristics hi 

 the ore of the several " veins." In general it is medium fine-grained, 

 compact and hard. An analysis by A. McCreath of a sample repre- 

 sentino- 10.000 tons shows: 



Metallic iron 54.22 per cent. 



Manganese. ., 141 



Phosphorus 012 



Sulphur .014 



It is sold on a basis of fifty-two per cent of metallic iron, and is 

 used at Franklin Furnace, New Jersey, at Scranton, Pa., and by 

 other iron works in Pennsylvania and New York. The plant con- 

 sists of ten power drills, one diamond drill, one 24x36 duplex com- 

 pressor, four small hoisting engines, one 150-horse-power engine, and 

 four 75-horse-power boilers. The company's office is at 69 Wall 

 street, New York city. 



CROTON MAGNETIC IRON MINES, South-east, Putnam 

 County. — The Theall and McCollum are the two principal openings 

 on this range of ore. The McCollum, at the south-west, exposes 

 strata of ore and ore-bearing rock, although no walls are reached. It 

 is an open cut with a shaft sunk sixty feet deep. The breadth of the 

 ore is nearly 100 feet. 



The Theall mine, at the north-east end of the same hill, penetrates 

 600 feet, on the course of the ore, into the hill, and its lower level is 

 160 feet below the main adit tunnel. The ore-bearing strata here 

 have been tested from 60 to 110 feet in breadth, and openings have 

 proved the ore body to be 2,500 feet in length. A small part of the 

 ore only is rich enough for furnace use ; the larger part is too lean, 

 and needs concentrating. According to analysis, the selected, furnace 

 ore contains fifty per cent of metallic iron and one-fifth of one per cent 



