26 Bulletin of the New York State Museum. 



the mine village, which is known as Hammondville. The surface is 

 rocky, and the mean elevation is 1,300 feet above the level of Lake 

 Champlain. The varying strike and dip and the faults in the rock 

 outcrops are evidence of much disturbance in the strata and the ore 

 beds and deposits enclosed by them. The general direction of the 

 strike of the ore bodies is north-east and south-west, and their dip is in 

 nearly all cases to the south-east ; but there are several notable excep- 

 tions. During the past year the mining of ore has been confined to 

 mines No. 4, at the north-east and near the road to the old furnace ; 

 No. 2, north-west of the office ; No. 7, south of the railroad ; the 

 West End, a continuation of the old Penfield mine ; and on the 

 western hill, mines Nos. 26, 27 and 38. In addition to the 

 regular mining work, searching for new ore beds, by sinking trial 

 shafts and pits, and boring with a diamond drill, is carried on almost 

 continously. The once famous Hammond and Penfield mines, from 

 which over 500,000 tons of ore have been taken, are no longer in 

 operation. The West End is on the normal (south-east) dip of the 

 Penfield ore-body, and is remarkable for its irregular walls and the 

 "slips" which traverse it. The slope is about 900 feet long and, 

 vertically, 300 feet deep. The openings on the western hill are 

 extensive and, in part, open cuts in the ore which dips 30° to the 

 south-east. At the south-west the ore bed turns to the south and 

 south-east, and has a dip of 40° to the north-east, showing the existence 

 of an endfold. Mine No. 7 is the only one south of the railway 

 which is in operation. The dip of the ore is 35° to south-southeast. 

 The slope which follows down the foot wall, in the line of the dip, is 

 nearly 1,000 feet in length. From it the workings have been driven 

 each way, a total length, varying from 300 to 600 feet. The thickness 

 of the ore has been found to vary from one to twenty feet. Two 

 faults, or offsets, have been encountered in the mine, displacing the 

 ore in one, 10 feet, and in the other, from 11 to 22 feet. At the bot- 

 tom a rock has been struck, beyond which no ore has been found. 

 Mine No. 4 is on the south slope of Hammond hill and near the old 

 furnace road. Its shaft has a vertical depth of 250 feet to the ore ; 

 and it is one of the best mines on the property. 



The Crown Point mines yield, in general, a medium fine-crystal- 

 line ore, which is compact and withal quite friable, and often falls to 

 pieces in a shot-like mass. The commonly occurring foreign min- 

 erals are ; white quartz, feldspar and a green (pyroxenic) mineral. 

 The percentage of metallic iron runs close to 50, and the small 



