60 Bulletin of the New York State Museum. 



of the excavation. The ore is bounded on the east and west sides by 

 a black, slaty rock, whose beds dip eastward at an angle of 35°. On 

 the hanging-wall side this rock is in a soft and crumbling condition. 

 A double-compartment shaft has been sunk on the foot-wall side of 

 the ore body, and preparations made for underground mining. Last 

 season a new engine house, washer and office were erected on the west 

 side of the pit. The plant now consists of an 80-horse-power engine, 

 with hoisting machinery, having a capacity of 500 tons a day, one 

 Bradford washer and two pumps for unwatering the bottom or under- 

 ground workings. The great pit is drained to a depth of 80 feet by 

 a natural outlet, to a stream in the valley on the south of the mine. 

 A narrow gauge railway in the pit has served for removal of the 

 ore. From the new washer a branch railway runs to the Hartford 

 and Connecticut Western railroad line ; and another branch to the 

 Harlem railroad is projected. The ore appears to become harder and 

 more compact in the deeper w6rkings. According to an analysis 

 communicated by the Millerton Iron Company it contains : 



Metallic Iron 43.00 percent. 



Phosphorus 0.11 



Sulphur none 



Alumina _ 6.06 



Silica 17.53 



It is used at Irondale near Millerton, Hudson, and the Lehigh 

 valley region, Pennsylvania. The total output since it was first 

 opened is reported to be 100,000 tons. 



COPAKE MINE, Copake, Columbia County.— The Copake iron 

 mine is at Copake station of the N. Y. and Harlem railroad. The old 

 holes are west of the track and near the station. The pit last worked 

 is a few rods north-east of the depot. It is about 500 feet long 

 and half as wide. The ore was found covered by 6 to 20 feet of glacial 

 drift. On the east and north-east sides of this pit the grayish 

 white, sub-crystalline limestone was reached ; its strata dipping 30° 

 to the east-south-east. The plant consisted of a crusher, one washer, 

 engine house and machinery for pumping and raising ore to side 

 tracks from main line. The mine was opened many years ago and 

 worked up to August, 1888, when the pumps were taken out and 

 the pit began to fill with water. It is the property of Hon. Fred- 

 erick Miles of Connecticut. 



