The Carbonate Ore of the Hudson River. 65 



and a half miles long, with the roasting kilns and shipping dock on 

 the river. 



The total output of these mines is estimated by the president of 

 the company, Howard H. Burden, at 450,000 tons (roasted ore). 



The date of the discovery of this carbonate ore is not known. 

 The name " Red Hill " — given to the northern end of the range — 

 shows that the ore outcrop attracted attention years ago. The first 

 leases for mining ore are said to have been taken in 1873 and 4. In 

 1875 the Hudson River Spathic Iron Company was organized, and a 

 large amount of ore was mined, principally in what is known as No. 2 

 mine, at Burden. The earlier shipments were toPeekskill and to the 

 furnaces of Atkins Bros., Pottsville, Penn.* 



In 1882 the Hudson River Ore and Iron Company was organized. 

 This company has a large capital, and practically controls all of the 

 Hudson River carbonate ore deposits. Howard H. Burden, of Troy, is 

 president, and J. N. Stower, at Burden, is general manager. 



The following localities of carbonate of iron, in workable quanti- 

 ties, are described here, although their geological horizon is higher 

 than that of the Hudson River carbonate group. 



NAPANOCK MINE, Wawarsiug, Ulster County.— A few rods 

 west of Napanock the Marcellus shale formation carries iron in quan- 

 tity to make it workable as an ore. The ore bed was opened for 

 1,000 feet on the line of outcrop ; and the ore was used in the Napa- 

 nock furnace. It is an impure carbonate of iron and lean. The last 

 work was done in 1873. 



WAWARSING- MINE, Wawarsing, Ulster County.— This local- 

 ity was first opened about 1800, and the ore carted to a furnace in 

 Amenia, Dutchess county. The ore was found between walls of 

 black, shaly rock. (Marcellus ?) 



These Ulster county mines are notable for the occurrence of the 

 ore, and not on account of their economic importance at present. 



*See description of mines as worked in 1S75, with analyses of these ores, in a 

 paper by Dr. R. W. Raymond. Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Bug., Vol. IV., pp. 339-343. 



