GEOLOGY AND GEOGRAPHY OF CLAY DEPOSITS 109 



sandstone, black crystalline limestone and gneiss. The overlying 

 material is mostly unstratified and many of the pebbles are eight 

 inches in diameter. At the bank of J. T. Moore the clay is very 

 tough, and the stratification is obliterated in spots. Several 

 ice-scratched bowlders of light blue limestone, sandstone and 

 Oalciferous sandrock were found in the clay. In Moore & Lahey's 

 bank the clay is tough and compressed, similar to the other yards. 

 It likewise contains scratched bowlders, specially of a light blue 

 crystalline limestone. Over the clay is two to four feet of coarse 

 sand and gravel. 



On the west side of the New York, Ontario & "Western 

 E.. E,., where it branches off from the West Shore K. R., 

 a cutting in the hillside shows a cross-bedded, yellowish sand 

 and loamy clay with patches of gravel and cobblestones in it. 

 Following along the track a few hundred feet we come to the 

 clay bank of C. A. and M- P- Hedges. This shows an interest- 

 ing section of blue clay overlaid by 50 to 60 feet of cross-bedded 

 delta deposits of sand and gravel. The clay layers are oblit- 

 erated in spots and in others much contorted. To the north 

 of Hedges yard in the R. E.. cutting the clay is overlaid by 

 five to six feet of sand and coarse stones, unstratified. Follow- 

 ing up the track on the left side just beyond the crossing of the 

 road from Canterbury to ifSTew Windsor the embankment of sand 

 and coarse grtvel is cross-stratified, being a portion of the delta 

 of Moodna River. The character of this embankment changes 

 after about 400 feet to unstratified drift, containing bowlders. 

 This underlies the delta material. The upper terrace at Corn- 

 wall is underlain by bowlder drift. 



Its structure is well shown along the track at Cornwall. Clay 

 was observed in a meadow opposite the Roman Catholic church ; 

 it was exposed in digging drainage trenches, l^ear this locality, 

 but a little nearer the river, were found several mastodon bones. 



At Jones' Point there was formerly a small deposit of clay, 

 but it has been entirely worked out. 



Haverstraw has three terraces, viz.: At 20, 60 and 100 feet. 

 The clay so far as known is only found underlying the two lower 

 ones ; the upper one being underlain by drift and delta deposits. 



There is a deposit of clay at Stony Point forming a portion of 

 the 20-foot terrace. The upper layers of clay are in places 



