112 NEW TOEK STATE MUSEUM 



of them forming masses six feet long and three to four feet 

 wide. They show the layers of deposition of the sand. 



The clay at Cruger's, Montrose and Yerplank lies in hollows 

 in the rock, being as much as 50 feet thick in some places. 

 At Cruger's it is overlain by a few feet of loam ; at Montrose by 

 stratified sand, varying in depth from five to 20 feet, according to 

 borings made. • Along the Hudson River E,. E,. track below 

 Montrose, at Morton's yard, the clay is overlain by from eight to 

 10 feet of fine gravel, and cross stratified sand of a dark gray 

 or black color. The materials composing it are, to a great 

 extent, ground up crystalline rocks. The same material covers 

 the clay at McConnell and O'Brien's bank. At the clay beds of 

 of the Hudson River Brick Co. at Yerplank, the clay is 

 covered by yellowish sand and fine dark-colored gravel ; usually 

 they are unstratified, but ia a few spots show cro«ss-bedding. 



A short distance below Peekskill, at Bonner & Cole's yard, is 

 a remnaat of a 20-foot terrace. There is here a deposit of clay 

 not extending more than four feet above tide, and overlain by 

 an unstratified layer five feet thick, of coarse sand and cobble- 

 stones, mostly gneiss. 



From Storm King station to Dutchess Junction there is a 

 stretch of terrace, which extends back to the foot of Breakneck 

 and Fishkill Mts. The maximum height of it is 210 feet. 

 Yarious firms are digging clay in the terrace escarpment the 

 greater part of its length. A well of 65 feet sunk at Aldridge's 

 yard from tide level still showed clay, and adding to this 65 feet 

 of clay above the river level, gives us a thickness of 

 130 feet at this point. The character and thickness 

 of the overlying material varies somewhat. To the rear 

 of Timoney's yard some 700 feet, the terrace has been excavated 

 to a depth of 30 feet, exposing a mass of coarse sand, gravel and 

 cobblestones, mostly granites, gneisses and schists. One portion 

 of it is stratified, and at the base of the excavation at one point 

 yellow clay has been found. At Timoney's yard there is one 

 or two feet of loam overlying the clay and a growth of brush 

 covers the terrace. At Yan Buren's yard the upper layers of 

 clay alternate with layers of sand ; the upper six feet of the 

 terrace at this point is gravel, the pebbles of it being mostly 

 granite and gneisses. At Aldridge's yard the clay is covered by 

 six to eight feet of unstratified gravel and sand, while at another 



