GEOLOGY AND GEOGKAPHY OF CLAY DEPOSITS 113 



spot on top of his bank are 12 to 15 feet of fine yellow sand; 

 which shows no stratification. The upper layers of Barnacue 

 and Dow's clay are like those at Yan Buren's, but covered by 

 four feet of sand and over this in places six to eight feet of 

 coarse gravel. Nothing is known of the underlying material of 

 these yards. 



The whole of Denning' s Point is covered with a fine stratified 

 yellowish sand. The clay, which lies at the base of the point, 

 has a thin covering of loam, and the upper layers are somewhat 

 wrinkled, , 



There is another stretch of terrace, similar to that below 

 Dutchess Junction and of the same height, extending from one 

 half mile above Fishkill to Low Point. At most places the clay 

 is covered by a few feet of loamy soil. Several bowlders have 

 been found in the clay at Brockway's yard. Several feet of loam 

 overlie the clay at Lahey's, Brockway's and Dinan and Butler's 

 yards. At J. Y. Meade's yard a short distance below Low Point, 

 the clay is covered by about three feet of sand, faintly stratified, 

 and above this six to eight feet of unstratified material ; coarse 

 sand, pebbles and cobblestones, some of them 18 inches in 

 diameter. Most of them are Archean rocks, but there are also 

 fragments of shale, limestone, sandstone and a few of them con- 

 tained Palaeozoic fossils. 



About 1,000 feet south of Meade's yard is a gravel bank eight 

 to 15 feet thick of material similar to that overlying the clay in 

 Meade's bank. At the base of this embankment in a few spots 

 yellowish clay overlaid by stratified sand has been struck. 



The following sections are those of wells bored at Rhinebeck. 



On the land of Robert Duckley: 



Soil and yellow clay 10 feet 



Blue clay 82 " 



Rock 



Total thickness ^2 " 



On T. Reed's property : 



Soil and yellow clay 20 feet 



Quicksand 100 " 



Hardpan 



Total thickness 120 " 



15 



