METHOD OF MANUFAOTUEING BRICK 155 



Method of manufacture 



Bricks are usually made by one of the following three pro- 

 cesses : 



Soft mud 



Stiff mud or wire cut 

 Dry clay 



The processes are not wholly distinct from each other, for 

 there are machines that may be used as well in connection with 

 one as the other. For instance, in preparing the clay for mold- 

 ing in a stiff mud machine, we may use either a pug mill or a pan 

 crusher, though the latter belongs preferably to the dry clay pro- 

 cess. Whatever be the method, the manufacture of clay into 

 brick involves the following steps, preparation, molding, drying, 

 burning, and below is a classified arrangement of the stages in 

 the process of brickmaking and machines used. 



Methods 



I 1. Digging by pick or shovel at any portion 

 I of bank 



[ 2, Bench working 

 Mining the clay -j 3. Undermining 

 I 4. Steam shovel 

 I 5 Plows and scrapers 

 I 6. Dredging 



Machines used 



f Carts 



I Cars on tracks, drawn by horses 



Haulage) Steam 



-T^r- 1 ( Self-acting 



Wire rope planes \ „ ° 



( Steam power 



f Barrel sieves 



I Roll crushers 



T, . ^ Soak pits 



Preparmg or tem-j ^. \, 



pering ] ^^"& 



I Pufi- mills 



Tj , ( Wet pans 



ran crushers \ ^ ^ 



( Dry pans 



