BRICK YARDS 181 



Stony Point, Rockland Co. This is practically a part of Haver- 

 straw. There are four yards here. They obtain their clay from 

 one large shallow excavation on the west side of the West Shore 

 Eailroad track and 500 feet north of Stony Point railroad station. 

 The clay has to be carted from. 100 to 300 yards, and 

 when the excavation is widened there is a stripping of three to 

 six feet of sand and cobblestones. Corduroy roads have also to 

 be used. The four yards are situated along the water front. 

 One of them, Riley & Clark, uses stationary kilns. Riley &, Rose 

 have a covered yard, the other three firms dry their bricks on 

 open yards. The clay bank is owned by T. Tompkins & Son. 



The following are some tests of Haverstraw brick made by 

 M. Abbott at the time the East River bridge was being com- 

 pleted. No packing was put between the brick and plate of 

 testing machine. 



Crushing strength 



per square inch. 



P unds. 



( Maximum 3060 



Whole brick tested on end I Minimum 16(^0 



( Average 2065 



( Maximum 4J 53 



Half brick tested on flat side.. . . . •< Minimum 2669 



( Average 3371 



(Maximum 6400 



Half brick tested on edge -| Minimum 2900 



Average 4612 



Had the surfaces been ground parallel and cardboard or blot- 

 ting paper been put between the face of the brick and plate of 

 machine, higher results would have no doubt been obtained. 



Thielis, Rockland Oo. About two miles south from Haver- 

 straw and half way between the stations of Ivy Leaf and Thielis, 

 on the New York and New Jersey Railroad, is the brick 3'^ard of 

 Felter & Mather. The clay deposit is basin-shaped, about 15 

 feet thick, as determined by boring, and has a slightly elliptical 

 outline The clay is chiefly of a blue color, the upper portion 

 being weathered to yellow. It is overlain by a few feet of drift 

 containing small bowlders and underlain by similar material. 

 The tempering sand is obtained from a bank on the opposite side 



