190 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



of I. R. Porter. Although the yard is situated, near the shore 

 the water is not deep enough for the brick barges, and the bricks 

 have to be carted some 200 yards to the dock. The clay bank 

 adjoins the yard and is mined by plows and scrapers. Horse- 

 power machines are used. 



Coeymans Landing, Albany Co. There are two brick yards at 

 this town ; they lie north of the town along the river shore and 

 adjoin each other. The one nearest town belongs to Sutton & 

 Suderly, and is worked by them and four other parties. Their 

 clay is obtained from the bank west of the yard. It is both blue 

 and yellow, chiefly the former, with streaks of fine sand. 



The following partial analysis has been made of Sutton & 

 Suderly's clay : 



Silica 51.10 



Alumina lY . 65 



Peroxide of iron 6 . 47 



Lime 7 . 45 



Magnesia 87 



Being of a soft nature the clay is dug with shovels at any con- 

 venient point at the base of the bank, which is 120 feet in height. 

 A charge of dynamite is usually exploded in the bank in the 

 spring, thus bringing down a large mass of clay to a level with 

 the yard. The clay does not have to be hauled more than 150 

 feet to the machines. A drive-pipe well sunk near the owners' 

 barn on top of the terrace (140 feet above mean tide) some 300 

 feet back from the river, showed 70 feet of clay and 60 feet of 

 sand. The sand underlying the clay is of a grayish black color, 

 consisting chiefly of grains of quartz and shale, the latter pre- 

 dominating.* Grains of garnet and feldspar, and large pebbles 

 of quartz are scattered through it. The sand after being screened 

 is used for tempering. The upper limit of the underlying sand 

 varies, at the north end of the property rising to within a few 

 feet of the terrace level, while some 300 feet south of this the 

 clay has been excavated to 15 feet above mean, tide without 

 striking sand. 



Adjoining Sutton & Suderly on the north is the bricl? works of 

 Cor win & Cullough, sublet by them to T. Finnegan and Delaney 



* This underlying material is much faulted owing to the pressure of the clay above it. 



