BRICK YARDS 



201 



It may be of interest in this connection to give the composi- 

 tion of some other clays found at Warners, and which are used 

 in the manufacture of cement. The following are only partial 

 analyse 



Silica 



45.12 



13. 7P 

 12.91 



7.21 



43.19 



14.62 

 12.36 



7.05 



46.00 



25.02 

 7.13 

 3.67 



41.78 



16.09 



12.40 



5.83 



41.70 



18.24 



12.71 



6.02 



44.00 



Oxide of iron 

 alumina .... 



Lime 



Magnesia 



and 



17.33 



11.74 



6.83 







These last analyses would indicate a rather fusible clay. The 

 clay used by the Onondaga Co. is dug in the field adjoining the 

 works. It is a pinkish color, stratified and runs about 15 feet in 

 depth. , The shale used belongs to the Salina formation and is 

 obtained from the hillside about 1000 feet from the yard. It is 

 of various shades of red, green and some gray, and disintegrates 

 very rapidly. The whole mass is traversed by numerous seams 

 so that a small blast brings down a large portion of the bank in 

 small fragments. Tracks are laid from the brick yard up to the 

 working face, the base of which is 35 feet higher than the 

 yard. The loaded cars are run down to the dry pans by gravity 

 and hauled back when emptied by a horse. Carts are used to haul 

 the clay. Dry pans grind the shale and about one quarter clay 

 and three quarters shale are mixed in a wet pan. A man 

 shovels the mixture onto an endless belt which carries it to the 

 molding machine. The yard is fitted with both a plunger and 

 auger stiff mud machine, the former being side cut, the latter 

 end cut. The green bricks are placed on cars and run into the 

 drying tunnels. These are of brick, heated by coal fires, the heat 

 passing through flues under the tunnel. Round kilns are used 

 for the burning which takes about five days. The kilns have a 

 capacity of about 60,000. t-oft coal is used for burning. 



The company manufactures paving brick, hollow brick and 

 terra cotta lumber for fire proofing. 



Baldwinsmlle, Onondaga Co. Seneca River Brick Co. The 

 works are four miles west of Baldwinsville on the south bank of 

 the Seneca River. Their clay bed is six acres in extent. It is 

 20 



