BRICK YAEDS 209 



of the brick better. To dampen the ground clay it is discharged 

 from the hopper into a long box of square cross section in 

 which a worm screw revolves. The axis of the screw is hollow 

 and has nipples which project into the tube three fourths inch so 

 that if any of the steam which is injected to dampen the clay 

 condenses it will not escape into the clay. The shale used is 

 mined near the yard and hauled in carts to the dry pan. 



Big Flats, Chemung Co. J^'ear the village is an extensive 

 bed of clay owned by J. R. Lowe. It underlies an area of about 

 50 acres. Excavations have been carried to a depth of 15 feet 

 without reaching the bottom of the deposit. The clay is of a 

 bluish gray color. Mr. Lowe manufactures drain tile only and 

 most of these are for private use. 



Sorseheads, Chemung Co. R. G. Eisenhardt has a clay deposit 

 100 acres in extent, and having an average thickness of 

 about 20 feet. There is a covering of about 10 inches of soil. 

 Underlying the clay is sand and gravel. Both the yard and 

 clay bed are situated on a high terrace. 



Breesport, Chemung Co. About one and a half miles south 

 of the town are the yards of the Empire State Brick Co., Locy 

 Bros, and P. M. C. Townsend. The bank from which they obtain 

 their clay lies along the eastern side of the valley. It is about 

 one half mile long and has a height of 50 feet. It is chiefly of 

 a bluish color and is stratified in places. 

 We give herewith the analysis of the clay : 



Silica 52.48 



Alumina 16 . Y8 



Peroxide of iron , ... . 6 . 79 



Lime 6.63 



Magnesia ; 3.59 



Alkalies 7.16 



93.43 



At Locy's yard where borings show the clay to be 30 feet thick, 

 a red clay also ocpurs. Yellow sand overlies the clay at several 

 points and can be used for molding. The yards of Locy Bros, 

 and Townsend are open ones. At the Empire State Co.'s yard 

 tunnel driers are used, the clay being mixed in a wet pan and 

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