BRICK YARDS 221 



tunnels are heated by coal fires. "Wood is used for burning, and 

 the kiln settles about four inches. The products go to New 

 York city and the vicinity. 



Wood & Keenan's yard is situated on the shore of Arthur's 

 Kill, opposite Carteret, It is an open yard of greater capacity 

 than its output. The clay is of the same character as McCabe's. 

 It is tough and has to be worked with picks, and the pit is about 

 10 feet deep. Ring pits are used for tempering and the bricks 

 are burnt with wood. New York city and Newark are the chief 

 markets. 



The New York Anderson Pressed Brick Co. has its works at 

 Kreischerville adjoining Kreischer's fire brick factory. Various- 

 styles of ornamental and pressed brick are made. The company 

 declined to give any information concerning its works. Their 

 clay is obtained from a pit near Green Ridge. It is of a black 

 and gray color. The pit is worked in benches, the clay being 

 hoisted in buckets and loaded on cars which are run down to the 

 works. 



Drain-tile 



A clay that is capable of making good building brick wiU 

 usually make a good drain-tile. That is to say, a plastic clay 

 and one that will burn to a tough product. Contrary to bricks 

 tile may be somewhat porous in their character. It is of 

 importance that the clay should be thoroughly tempered before 

 molding. This latter is in most instances done with some form 

 of stiff mud machine, the clay being forced out through a die of 

 desired pattern, and the cylinder of clay as it issues from the 

 machine is cut up into cfesired lengths. Drying is sometimes 

 done on pallets such as are used for common brick, or it may be 

 performed under enclosed sheds. The drain-tile should be 

 thoroughly dry before being set in the kiln. Burning is done in 

 ordinary scove kilns, clamps or down draft kilns. The smaller 

 tile are set in the lower portions of the kiln and around the sides, 

 while the larger ones are set in the center. Very often when 

 several sizes are burned at the same time they are nested, the 

 smaller ones being set within the larger. 



The styles of drain-tile made are as follows : 



Horseshoe-tile, having cross section shape of a horseshoe. 



Sole-tile, cylindrical with a flat base. 



