BRICK TABD3 223 



two miles in width and extending east and west across Genesee 

 Co., a few miles north of its southern boundary. The clay is 

 usually covered with a thin layer of clayey loam. Mr. Peck has 

 about 50 acres of clay of sufficient quality for making bricks and 

 tile. It averages about four feet in thickness. The upper 

 portion when dry is nearly white, but becomes blue with the 

 depth, and below four feet is very much so. It is also tough, 

 coming up in hard flakes of a stony nature. Below this it passes 

 into the shale, hard enough to resi.-t the pick but crumbling on 

 exposure This last mentioned rock is said to contain calcareous 

 layers, varying in thickness from one to six inches. About 

 250,000 feet of drain-tile are annually made for local use. The 

 clay burns to a nice red in the drain-tile, deepening to. brown 

 when burned harder. The machinery is run by steam power. 



Oioasco, Ca3'uga Co. A. Lester's clay bank and brick yard 

 are located in the north end of Owasco village on the bank of 

 Owasco Creek. The clay deposit has an area of about nine acres 

 and is from 10 to 15 feet in thickness. Gravel overlies the 

 clay in places. Soak pits are used for tempering, and a Pen field 

 plunger machine for molding. The tiles are dried in an open 

 shed and burnt in scove kilns. Drain-tile is the chief production 

 but a few bricks are made. The color of the product is white. 



Other manufacturers of drain-tile and whose works have been 

 already mentioned in the detailed account of brick yards, are : 



M. H. Bender, Albany 



William Davenport, Fonda 



C. Stephens, South Bay 



Koch ester Brick and Tile Manufacturing Co., Rochester 



A. Mosell, Lock port 



Adams Brick and Terra Cotta Co , Buffalo 



James Sigler, Clarkson 



J. E. Mecusker & Son, Jamestown 



B. G. Abbey, Allen's Hill 

 J. B. Lowe, Big Flats 



P. Hayne, Goshen 



FiEK BfilCK. 



A fireclay to be refractory should not contain over four per 

 cent, of impurities. Fireclays may or may not be plastic. The 

 latter are represented by the flint clays, but these do not occur 



