SALT 





Caspian 

 Sea 



Black 

 Sea 



Baltic 

 Sea 



North 



Sea 



Average 



Mediter- 

 ranean 

 Sea 



Atlantic 



Ocean 



Average 



Dead 



Sea 



Average 





.63 

 99-37 



i-77 

 98.23 



1.77 

 98.23 



3-3 1 



96.69 



3-37 

 96.63 



363 

 96-37 



22.30 

 77.70 



Water 







100.00 



100.00 



100.00 



100.00 



100.00 



100.00 



100.00 



The solid matter contains 

 Sodium Chloride 



58.25 

 1.27 







Potassium Chloride 



1.07 





2.09 

 .20 



8.81 

 .28 



3.82 



6.58 

 .18 



2.48 



3-89 



457 



it. 38 



4S-2Q 



.85 



•45 



Calcium Chloride 





Magnesium Chloride 



10. 



7-38 

 •°3 

 .60 



8.32 

 3.21 



9-73 



8.76 



•49 

 2.76 

 8.34 



.10 



7.86 

 1 3° 

 4- 6 3 

 S-29 



Sodium and Magnesium Bromide . 



Calcium Sulphate 



7.78 

 19.68 

 3.02 



•'3 



4.96 



.48 



Magnesium Sulphate 



Calcium & Magnesium Carbonate 





Nitrogenous & Bituminous matter. 

























100.00 



100.00 



100.00 



100.00 



100.00 



100.00 



100.00 



The variation in the quantity of these is dependent upon 

 local conditions ; upon the character of the sea bottom, upon 

 the dilution of the sea with fresh water near the mouths of 

 large rivers and in the polar regions on the presence of 

 masses of ice ; or upon its concentration in land locked 

 bays. The specific gravity of sea water from the open 

 ocean varies between 1.0269 and T.0289 at a temperature of 

 1 7° C. That of the water of the Red Sea is much greater 

 and is about 1.0306. 



DEPOSITION OF SALT BEDS 



The theory of the formation of deposits of salt is ably 

 discussed by H. Credner, whom I have freely translated and 

 in part quoted in the following paragraphs. 



The beds of rock-salt which occur in the earth's crust have 

 been produced by direct separation from sea water or from 

 the water of inland seas in which chloride of sodium was 

 the principal substance held in solution. In quiet bodies of 

 salt water the stronger brine formed at the surface by evapo- 

 ration sinks to the bottom and accumulates there, so that a 

 concentration of the salt takes place from the surface toward 

 the bottom. 



In open seas full of currents such a concentration cannot 

 occur for, on the one hand, in consequence of the currents, 

 there is a constant mingling of the stronger and weaker 



