446 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



is well represented in a belt crossing the towns of Seneca Falls 

 and Waterloo, and quarries are opened in both towns, for local 

 use mainly. 



The "Waterloo quarries are large, and kept in operation almost 

 all of the year. That of Loren Thomas, a half mile south of the 

 town, has been worked for more than sixty years. Remarkably 

 regular systems of vertical joints, at uniform distances apart, 

 divide the stone into large, rectangular blocks, and facilitate the 

 quarrying. 



The beds are from seven to twenty -six inches thick, and four- 

 teen to sixteen in number. The stone of these quarries resembles 

 that of the formation to the east, in Cayuga and Onondaga 

 counties. 



The same geological formation appears in Ontario county, and 

 there are small quarries in the towns of Canandaigua and Victor, 

 which do a local business. 



Going west the outcrops of the rocks of this geological epoch 

 have been opened in small quarries in Mendon, Monroe County ; 

 near Caledonia, in Livingston County ; and in LeRoy, Genesee 

 County. There are two quarries at the latter place. They pro- 

 duce stone for common wall work. Some of the limestone found 

 north of the town is said to dress well, and to be capable of 

 receiving a good polish. 



Williamsville, Erie County. — Several quarries have been 

 opened at Williamsville, ten miles northeast of Buffalo. J. S. & 

 F. H. Young and D. R. & H. Fogelsonger work quarries for build- 

 ing stone, mainly, for the Buffalo market. They are small, and 

 not deep, as the rock is near the surface. The stone is light- 

 gray, fine-crystalline, and dresses well. 



It has a specific gravity of 2.708 and weighs 168 pounds per 

 cubic foot. It contains 93.44 per cent, of calcium carbonate, and 

 3.82 per cent, of insoluble matter in dilate hydrochloric acid. Its 

 absorption percentage is 0.16. It resisted freezing and thawing 

 tests without apparent change, but was calcined at a temperature 

 of 120o°-1400° F. It is used in Buffalo for cut stone trimmings. 

 The quarries are six miles from the New York Central railroad 

 line, but nearly all the stone is carted by teams to Buffalo. 



