EMERY INFUSORIAL BARTH 555 



years ["previous to 1S93 H. II. Barton & Co. are said to have 

 mined from 800 to 1,000 tons per year. In 1893 the shipments 

 from North Creek amounted to 1,475 tons. During 1894 almost 

 nothing has been done in the mining of garnet. Only 294 tons 

 were shipped from Warren county, New York. William Hooper 

 & Sons of Ticonderoga have recently erected a mill near Minerva 

 to crush the garnet-bearing rock and separate the garnet by water. 

 This, if successful, will to some extent revolutionize the garnet 

 business as many deposits not worth working by hand-sorting 

 could be made to pa}^ in this way. 



Emery. 



Emery is quarried at many points in Cortlandt township, West 

 Chester County, from deposits which occur in the eruptive rocks 

 known as the "Cortlandt series." It is used by the New York 

 Emery Company at Peekskill. 



Diatomaceous Earth— Infusorial Earth. 



This material consists of hydrated silica, and is the accumula- 

 tion of the minute skeletons of microscopic forms of vegetable 

 life known as diatoms. It accumulates in the bottoms of ponds 

 and lakes, and is found in recent as well as Tertiary and Cretace- 

 ous formations. While the living diatoms are found in all the 

 waters of the State, deposits of diatomaceous earth have been 

 reported from only two localities. One of these is in White 

 lake, town of Wilmurt, Herkimer county, and the other is on the 

 shore of Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island, on the property of 

 Dr. Oliver Jones. The latter is a fossil deposit in beds probably 

 of Tertiary age. The White lake deposit is the only one in use 

 commercially at present. The material is dug from the bottom 

 of the lake, which covers about four acres, and has a thickness of 

 two to thirty feet, being covered by about four feet of water. It 



