Garden and Forest. 



[February 29, 1S8S. 



outer surface of this incurved ixirfion will be found, in tlie 

 form of quite prominent liairs, the peculiarity which makes 

 this variety unique. 



These hairs upon close examination 

 are found to be a glandular outgrowth 

 of the epidermis of the petals, multi- 

 cellular in structure and with a minute 

 drop of a yellow resinous substance at 

 the tip. The cells at first conform to 

 the wavy character of those of tlie epi- 

 dermis, but gradually become pris- 

 matic with straight walls, as shown in 

 the engraving of one of the hairs, 

 which was made from a drawing fur- 

 nished by Miss Grace Cooley, of the 

 Department of Botany at Wellesley 

 College, who made a microscopic in- 

 vestigation of them. 



This is one of those surprises that 

 occasionally make their appearance 

 from Japan. Possibly it is a chance 

 seedling ; but since one or two other specimens in the collec- 

 tion are striking in form, and others are distinguished for depth 

 and purity of color, it is more probable that the best of them 

 have been developed by careful selection. 



This Chrysanthemum was e.xhibited at tlie Boston Chrysan- 

 themum Show last December by Edwin Fewkes & Son of 

 Newton Highlands, Mass. .4. H. Fewkes. 



Fig. 2.— Hair from Petdl of 



Chrysanthemum, 



miicli enlarged. 



<?— resin drop, h — epidcrniis 



of petal with wavy cells. 



New Plants from Afghanistan. 



Arnebia cornuta.— This is a charming noveltv, an annual, 

 native of Afghanistan. Tlie little seedling with lancet-like hairy, 

 dark green leaves, becomes presently a widely branching 

 plant two feet in diameter and one and one-half feet higli. 

 Each branch and braiichlet is terminated by a lengthening 

 raceme of flowers. These are in form somewhat like those 

 of an autumnal Phlox, of a beautiful deep golden yellow color, 

 adorned and brightened up by five velvety black blotches. 

 These blotches soon become coffee brown and lose more and 

 more their color, until after three days they have entirely dis- 

 appeared. During several months the plant is very showy, 

 the fading flowers being constantly replaced by fresh expand- 

 ing ones. Sown in April in the open border, it needs no care 

 but to be thinned out and kept free from weeds. It must, 

 however, have some soil which does not contain fresh 

 manure. 



Delphinium Zalil. — This, also, is a native of Afghanistan, but 

 its character, whether a bieiinial or perennial, is not yet ascer- 

 tained. The Afglians call it Zalil and the plant or root is used 

 for dyeing purposes. Some years ago we only knew blue, 

 white and purple larkspurs, and then California added two 

 species with scarlet flowers. The above is of a beautiful sul- 

 phur yellow, and, all in all, it is a plant of remarkable beauty. 

 From a rosette of much and deeply divided leaves, rises a 

 branched flower stem to about two feet ; each branch and 

 branchlet ending in a beautiful spike of flowers each of about 

 an inch across and the whole spike showing all its flowers open 

 at once. It is likely to become a first rate standard plant of 

 our gardens. To have it in flower the very first year it must 

 be sown very early, say in January, in seed pans, and trans- 

 planted later, when it will flower from the end of May until 

 the end of July. Moreover, it can be sown during spring 

 and summer in the open air to flower the following year, ft 

 is quite hardy here. Max Leichtliu. 



Baden-Baden. 



Iris tennis.* 



'TPHISprettydelicate species of Iris, Fig. 3, is a native of the Cas- 

 -•• cade Mountains of Northern Oregon. Its long branching 

 rootstocks are scarcely more than a line in thickness, sending 

 up sterile leafy shoots and slender stems abotit a foot high. 

 The leaves are thin and pale green, rather taller than the stems, 

 sword-shaped and half an inch broad or more. The leaves ot 

 the stem are bract-like and distant, the upper one or two sub- 

 tending slender peduncles. The spathes are short, very thin 



*I. TENUIS, Watson, Pror. Aincr. Acad., xvii. 380. Rootstoclc elon3;ated, ver^' 

 slender (a line thick); leaves thin, ensiform, about enualing; the stems, lour to 

 eight lines broad; stems scarcely a foot high, 2=3-flo*wcred, with two or three 

 bract-like leaves two or three inches long; lateral peduncles very slender, as long 

 as the bracts : spathes scarious, an inch long ; pedicels solitary^ very short; flow- 

 ers small, wkite marked with yellow and purple: tube two or three lines long; 

 segments oblong-spatulate, the sepals spreading, one and one-half inches lotig. 

 the petals sliorter and emargiriale ; anthers as long as the filaments; styles with 

 pnrrow entire crests; capsule otilong-ovate, obtuse, nine lines long 



and scarious, and enclose the bases of their rather small soli- 

 tary flowers, which are "white, lightly striped and blotched 

 with yellow and purple." The sepals and petals are oblong- 

 spatulate, from a short tube, the sepals spreading, the shorter 

 petals erect and notched. 



The peculiar habitat of this species doubtless accounts in 

 .good measure for its slender habit and mode of growth. Mr. 

 L. F. Henderson, of Portland, Oregon, who discovered it in 

 i88i,neara branch of the Clackamas River called Eagle Creek, 

 about thirty miles from Portland, reports it as growing in the 

 fir forests in broad mats, its very long rootstocks running 

 along near the surface of the ground, just covered by moss or 

 l-iartly decayed fir-needles, wifli a light addition of soil. This 

 also would indicate the need of special care and treatment in 

 its cultivation. In May, 1884, Mr. Henderson took great pains 

 to procure roots for the Botanic Garden at Camljridge, which 

 were received in good order, but which did not survive the 

 next winter. If taken up, however, later in the season or very 

 early in the spring, it is probable that with due attention to 

 soil and shade there would be little trouble in cultivating it 

 successfully. The accompanying figure is from a drawing by 

 Mr. C. E. Faxon. Sereno Watson. 



Hardy Shrubs for Forcing. 



OHRUBS for forcing should consist of early blooming kinds 

 ■^ only. The plants should be stocky, young and healthy, 

 well-budded and well-ripened, and in order to have first-class 

 stock they should be grown expressly for forcing. For cut 

 flower purposes only, we can lift large plants of Lilacs, Snow- 

 balls, Deutzias, Mock oranges and the like with all the ball of 

 roots we can get to them and plant at once in forcing-houses. 

 But this should not be done before New Year's. We should 

 prepare for smaller plants some months ahead of forcing time, 

 say in the preceding April or August, by lifting them and plant- 

 ing in small pots, tubs or boxes as can conveniently contain 

 their roots, and we should encourage them to root well before 

 winter sets in. Keep them out of doors and plunged till after 

 the leaves drop off; then either mulch them where they are or 

 bring them into a pit, shed or cool cellar, where there shall be 

 no fear of their getting dry, or of having the roots fastened in 

 by frost. Introduce them into the green-house in succession ; 

 into a cool green-house at first for a few weeks, then as they 

 begin to start, into a warmer one. From the time they are 

 brought into the green-house till the flowers begin to open 

 give a sprinkling overhead twice a day with tepid water. When 

 they have done blooming, if worth keepmg over for another 

 time, remove them to a cool house and thus gradually harden 

 them off, then plant them out in the garden in May, anel give 

 them two years' rest. 



Shrubs to be forced for their cut flowers only should con- 

 sist of such kinds as have flowers that look well and keep 

 well after being cut. Among these are Deutzia gracilis, com- 

 mon Lilacs of various colors, Stapliylha Colchica, Spiraa Canfon- 

 cnsis {Reevcsii) single and double, the Guelder Rose, the Japanese 

 Snowball and Azalea mollis. To these may be added some of 

 the lovely double-flowering and Chinese apples, whose snowy 

 or crimson-tinted buds and leafy twigs are very pretty. The 

 several double-flowered forms of Primus triloba are also desir- 

 able, but a healthy stock is hard to get. ■Andromeda florihunda 

 and A. yaponica set their flower buds the previous summer 

 for the next year's flowers, and are, therefore, like the Laures- 

 tinus, easily forced into bloom after New Year's. Hardy and 

 half-hardy Rhododendrons with very little forcing may be had 

 in bloom from March. 



In addition to the above, for conservatory decoration we 

 may introduce all manner of hardy shrubs. Double flowering 

 peach and cherry trees are easily forced and showy while they 

 last. Clumps of Pyriis arbtitifolia can easily be had in bloom 

 in March, when their abundance of deep green leaves is an 

 additional charm to their profusion of hawthorn-like flowers. 

 The Chinese Xanthoceras is extremely copious and showy, 

 l)ut of brief duration and ill-fitted tor cutting. Bushes of 3^61- 

 low Broom and double-flowering goklen Furze can easily be 

 had after January. Jasiiiinuiii nudiflorum may be had in 

 bloom from November till April, and Forsythia from January. 

 They look well when trained up to pillars. The early-flower- 

 ing Clematises may be used to capital advantage in the same 

 wav, from February onward, .\lthough the Mahonias flower 

 well, their foliage at blooming time is not always comely. 

 Out-of-doors the American Red-bud makes a handsomer tree 

 than does the Japanese one ; but the latter is preferable for 

 green-house work, as the flowers are bright and the smallest 

 plants bloom. The Chinese Wistaria blooms as well in the 



