August i, iS 



'•] 



Garden and Forest. 



271 



week in May and up to the 6th of June, when the following 

 were noted : P. humilis, a dwarf species with rosy purple fl.ow- 

 ers and yellow stamens, the plant dwarf and compact ; P. 

 Wittmaniiiana, creamy white, very distinct. This is supposed 

 to have yellow flowers, and was introduced so long ago as 

 1842. It was discovered by a certain Count Woronzoff in 

 Abeharia, as stated in the Botanical Magazine, where it was re- 

 cently figured. Dr. Lindley also stated that 25 guineas were 

 demanded for a plant of it. P. Broteri had rich crimson flowers 

 with yellow anthers, the plant dwarf and distinct. P. Brinvnii is 

 very distinct ; it is planted in the rock-garden, and is a neat- 

 habited little plant, but so far we have failed to flower it. P. 

 Riissi had well formed crimson flowers, with a mass of 

 bright yellow anthers ; the leaf and plant distinct. The true 

 P. albiflora and varieties laciniata and rubcsccns flowered 

 freely, and are the most beautiful amongst the single Pajo- 

 nies. 



They are all very easily grown, and I do not care to coddle 

 them up in pots ; even the little /'. Bnrwiiii takes its chance out- 

 of-doors. The border where they are growing has been deeply 

 trenched and well manured. Some decayed manure was 

 also placed on the surface during the winter, but even this is 

 not necessary, as they seem to be all perfectly hardy. They 

 need only to be left alone and will in time grow into large 

 specimens, and the distinct foliage as well as the flowers look 

 well amongst those of other herbaceous plants in a mixed 

 border. J . Douglas in the London Garden. 



Ccelogyne Dayana. — This is a very handsome Orchid, with 

 inflorescence much in the way oiC. I\[assangcana,\)\xi\iiX\'iift\:?, 

 in the growth in having long, narrow, pyriform bulbs, bearing 

 two oblong, acuminate leaves. The racemes are pendulous, 

 sometimes three feet long and many-flowered; a plantin flower 

 with us now has eighty-four flowers on three racemes ; as 

 seen in this condition it forms a particularly attractive object. 

 The flowers, about two inches across, are of a light ochre 

 yellow, while the lip, of the same color, is curiously marked with 

 dark brown. It is a recent introduction from Borneo, and is 

 named in honor of the late Mr. Day, a great lover of this 

 class of plants. This species requires very liberal treatment 

 during the growing season, and to insure good spikes of 

 bloom, it should have a thorough rest, hy reducing the water 

 supply to a minimum. 



Zygopetahtm {Pronienaa) citrinuni, a charming little Orchid, 

 growing in a compact mass three to four inches high, both 

 leaves and bulbs being of a grayish-green color. The droop- 

 ing scapes bear a single flower of rich yellow, with a blotch of 

 crimson in the front. This is a species that is not often seen 

 in collections, and yet it will well repay cultivation, being ex- 

 tremely free flowering, and taking up so little room. It grows 

 freely in. the Odontoglossimi house in equal parts of peat and 

 moss, baskets being preferable to pots. It was introduced 

 about fifty years agcTfrom Brazil. 



Cattleya Gaskelliana. — Numerous examples of this fine 

 species are now in flower, and we find it very valuable for 

 filling up the gap between the flowering of C. Triana and C. 

 Eldorado, as it is much freer to bloom than C. Gigas, which is 

 in season now. It is imdoubtedly only a geographical form 

 of C. I'Vartieri, which it closely resembles, though there is 

 a great variation in the color of the flowers. They are 

 usually of a pale amethyst, with a deep purple blotch on the 

 front lobe of the lip. The form with white flowers is very rare. 

 This species was introduced from Venezuela about five years 

 since. Cattleya speciocissima, also from tlie same locality, 

 is now in flower, and though not as large and showy as its 

 congener, it is very attractive and exceedingly welcome at this 

 dull season. /•' Goldring. 



Kenwond, New Vork. 



The Rock-Garden. — It too often happens that gardeners leave 

 the filling up of vacancies in the rock-garden until after the 

 bedding season is over and then plant in what odds and ends 

 are left. This seems to show a lack of interest in a ilepart- 

 ment of gardening which deserves careful attention, if at- 

 tempted at all. In summer-time plants in the open air are far 

 more appreciated than those under glass. Wc see bedding 

 plants all the winter in the green-house and all simimer in the 

 flower-garden proper, and, to say the least, the rock-garden 

 should be kept as natural as possil)le by planting only what is ap- 

 propriate. Thebestthing todo intheabovecase is togrow afew 

 showy, dwarf annuals, and fill them in as vacancies occur. 

 The following are useful for this jiurpose : Zinnia Haageana, 

 Nieremhergia gracilis, Staiice Suworowi, Phacclia canipanii- 

 laria, lonopsidinm acaule and Lininanthes Douglasii. The 

 latter plant can be had in bloom very early in spring liy 

 sowing in August or September, and is often used for 



spring bedding. All the above may be raised in heat, 

 or in the open Ijorder after the ist of May. The list might 

 l)e supplemented considerably, but these we find sufficient 

 for our purpose. T. D. Hatfield. 



[The introduction of bedding plants like Scarlet Geranium 

 or Coleus into the rock-garden for summer decoration is 

 not more inappropriate than the use of showy flowered 

 border annuals for the same purpose. Plants of either of 

 these classes cannot fail to produce inharmonious 

 and therefore iinpleasing and unsatisfactory effects in con- 

 nection with the proper inhabitants of the rocl<:-garden, 

 which by a judicious selection of hardy plants and by the 

 free use of hardy Ferns can be made attractive and in- 

 teresting throughout the season. — Ed.] 



A Good Rose.— Among the comparatively recent additions to 

 the list of useful Roses, " Papa Gontier" seems to lie growing 

 in favor on accoimt of its many good qualities, Some fault has 

 been found with it, liecause of its having lost too much of its 

 lower foliage during the latter part of the winter, so as to ren- 

 der the plants rather unsightly. But though this feature has 

 been noticed in a number of cases, yet it has not been proved 

 to be a characteristic of the variety, because there are many 

 exceptions to the rule. In some instances it is quite possible 

 that the plants may have been overwatered, or perhaps they 

 may have been kept too warm ; either of which would be likely 

 to produce such a result. However, the fact remains, that 

 Papa Gontier will be largely planted during the jiresent season, 

 and will also be much used for summer-flowering, both out-of- 

 doors and under glass. The flowers are not only much larger, 

 but have much more substance than the old and popular 

 Bon Silene. 



This suljject of summer flowering suggests the reminder 

 that one who wishes to cut Roses of fair quality during the 

 summer months, must give his plants attention at the proper 

 time, and not allow the weeds as well as the Roses to take 

 care of themselves after he lets out his fires in the spring. Ex- 

 tremes of temperature should be avoided in summer as in 

 winter, and thorough, though careful ventilation, and plenty 

 of water, should be given in bright weather, if mildew is to be 

 avoided. W. 



Weeds. — At this season of the year the principal and most 

 important operation in the garden is the destruction of weeds. 

 Labor and money will be saved if all surfaces of exposed soil 

 are stirred so frequently that the germinating seeds of weeds 

 are killed before the plants appear above ground. It is hard 

 to realize this always, or to command labor enough in a large 

 garden to make it always practicable, still it is the only eco- 

 nomical way in which to deal with weeds. In the case of 

 Purslane, for e.xample, if the plants are allowed to grow large 

 enough to make any appearance above ground, they have to 

 be hoed or pulled up and then raked into piles and carried 

 away and burned or buried deep, or they will root again after 

 the first shower, and the work will have to be done over 

 again. The Purslane, the Shepherd's Purse, the Chickweed, 

 and some other weeds, flower and ripen their seed in a sur- 

 prisingly short time after they appear, and if the gardener 

 allows" them to get any start of him his land will soon get full 

 of their seeds, which will live for a long time under ground 

 and germinate as soon as cultivation brings them near enough 

 to the surface. Theoretically, there never should be a weed 

 of any kind in a garden, Ijut in this climate of hot suns and 

 frequent rains there will always Ije more or less of them. 

 They should not be fed, however, to pigs, as is often done, as 

 the seeds then get into the manure pile and so increase the 

 work of succeeding years. In large gardens vegetables 

 should, wherever possible, be planted in rows, so that lalior 

 may be saved in cultivating them and in destroying the weeds 

 by the use of horse power. 



Armeria vulgaris is an old-fashioned garden plant which 

 thrives in almost any soil or situation, but succeeds best on a 

 moist subsoil. It is so common in some parts of England 

 that it is used as an edging for walks in the same way as the 

 \ove\Y Gentiana acaulis is used in Scotlanil. There arc sev- 

 eral beautiful varieties and all make capital rock plants. The 

 colors vary from white to pale rose and rosy iiurple. ^ A. diaii- 

 thoides, A. Jttncea and others are classed as specifically dis- 

 tinct, but when grown side by side, raised seedlings of each 

 show every conceivable intermediate forn), with regard to 

 habit and color of flower. They must be propagated by divis- 

 ion if the types are to be kept constant. T. D. H. 



