344 



Garden and Forest. 



[September 12. 1SS8. 



handsome kind. The flowers, usually two, are borne on pen- 

 dent racemes, and are three inches across, plentifully barred 

 and striped with purple on a white ground. The lip is thick 

 and fleshy, purplish-lirown in color, and terminatetl by a tuft 

 of white bristles. It .grows here in shallow pans in a mixture 

 of peat and moss. It shouKl be in the warjiiest house, liberally 

 supplied with water, and at no time allowed to get dry. P. 

 graiidis and P. riigosa are also in flower, Ijut do not \arv a 

 great deal from the foregoing, e.vcept that the fornit-r lias 

 inuch larger flowers. 



Ca'logyne speciosa is not often seen. It grows about eiglit 

 inches high, its o\'ate oblong Inilbs being terminated Ijy an 

 erect, leathery leaf. The flowers, usually two on an erect 

 spike, are yellowish-green, about four inches across. The 

 large oblong lip is very handsome, reddish-brown, except the 

 front portion, which is pure white, and beautifully fringed. 

 There are also two prominent crests running nearly the whole 

 length of the lip. It is nearly always in flower and growth, and 

 should be accorded very liberal treatment and be kept in a 

 warm house. Another species now in flower, but differing 

 largely from the foregoing, is C. corrugata, so named from its 

 wrinkled bull.)s. The erect racemes proceed from the young 

 growths, and bear four to six lovely white flowers, about two 

 inches across. Tlie lip lias a deep orange blotch on the crest 

 and longitudinal lines of reddish-brown in the throat. Coming 

 from the Khasya hills, it may be grown with tlie Odontoglos- 

 simis, and, like them, delights in abundance of water, but care 

 must be taken not to over-pot it. 



Truhopilia grata is a very pretty and useful Orchid, resem- 

 bling T. fragrans, and, like it, is very fragrant. The sepals 

 and petals are yellow-green, the large, pure white lip being 

 marked with a blotch of yellow. The racemes are strong, 

 somewhat erect, and four to six flowered. It grows admirably 

 luider the same treatment accorded the Odontoglossums, but 

 should lie kept somewhat drier after growth is matured. 



Oiloii/oglossiiin Harryannm is one of the latest and best 

 additions to this large genus. Owing to liberal importations, 

 it is now cpute plentiful, and may be seen in nearly every col- 

 lection. It appears in many forms, and no two drawings of it 

 are alike. That it is very free-flowering' in its native state 

 there is evidence in the stout, dry spikes on the imported 

 plants; and imported bulbs produce good spikes, but I have 

 not seen good spikes on home-grown bulbs. The plant in 

 flower with us is from the first importation to England. It is 

 growing freely, and increasing in size of bulbs, with the Mil- 

 tonia veMillaria, and under the same treatment, but I think 

 it would flower better if given more sunlight and a drier at- 

 mosphere. In growth it much resembles b. hastilabiuin. The 

 flowers are very handsome, the sepals and petals being of a 

 chestnut-lirown, the former barred and tipped with li.ght yel- 

 low; the petals are striped with purple and tipped with yellow; 

 the front lobe of the lip is pointed and pure white; the crest is 

 yellow, while the base is heavily striped with light purple. 



Kenwood, N. Y. F. Go/drin^. 



Notes From the Arnold Arboretum. 



'T^HE number of trees or shrubs which flower in this climate 

 ■'■ after the middle of August is not large. The most im- 

 portant of them, from an ornamental point of \-iew, is the so- 

 called Japanese Sophora (Sophora Japoiiha). This is one of 

 the first trees from Japan cultivated in European gardens, 

 having been introduced into England as early as 1763. It is 

 pretty generally disti'ibuted through the eastern provinces of 

 China, both wild and in a cultivated state ; and it is now sup- 

 posed that it may have been one of several plants long be- 

 lieved to be natives of Japan, but really Chinese, and introduced 

 by the Japanese in their gardens. Sophora Japonica is a 

 round-headed tree, forty or fifty feet high when fully grown, 

 with cinnamon-brouTi, scaly bark, and wide-spreading 

 branches, those of recent years covered with bright green, 

 lustrous bark. The deciduous leaves are composed of seven 

 to thirteen pairs of oblong-ovate, acute leaflets, an inch to 

 an inch and a half long, dark green and opaque on the up- 

 per, and paler on the under surface. The small, creamv- 

 white, pea-shaped flowers, are arranged in large, loosely- 

 branched, terminal ]3anicles, which about the middle of August 

 often qviite cover okl specimens. Probably the largest speci- 

 mens of this tree in Europe are the one in Kew Gardens, one of 

 the first plants brought to Europe, and the still larger and more 

 shapely tree near the palace of the Petit-Trianon at Versailles. 

 Tlie finest specimen in America perhaps mav be seen in the 

 Public Garden in Boston, although it might be expected 

 to Lii'ow more rapidly and to a larger size in the Middle States. 

 Sopliora Japonicd is now used in Italy to a considerable ex- 



tent as a street tree, notably in Milan, where some of the 

 new boulevards liave been successfully planted with it. Its 

 habit adapts it for such a purpose, as do the lightness of tlie 

 shade, which its pinnate leaves produce, and its habit of flow- 

 ering late in the summer, when flowers are more valuable 

 than they are earlier in the season. Young plants, however, 

 do not tlower very freely, and this tree recpiires age before 

 it develops all its flowering capacity. The Chinese cultivate 

 this tree largely in some districts for the sake of the "Imperial 

 yellow dve" obtained from the flowers. 



Another Japanese tree is now in flower. It is the Japanese 

 variety of Rhus seinialata (var. Osbeckii). Rims seiiiiatata is a 

 widely distributed species from Japan, Formosa, and northern 

 and central China to tlie Himalaya and Kliasia mountains. 

 This free yields the Chinese galls of commerce, which are 

 believed by the Chinese to possess valuable medical proper- 

 ties. The Japanese variety, in which the petioles are broadly 

 wing-margined between the leaflets, is the only one in cultiva- 

 tion. It is a round-headed tree, eighteen or twenty feet high, with 

 smooth, gray bark, and spreading branches, those of the year 

 covered with a rufous pubescence. The leaves are fifteen or 

 eighteen inches long, composed of four or five pairs of ovate- 

 oblong, sharply pointed, serrate, nearly sessile leaflets. These 

 are six or seven inches long, subcoriaceous, dark green and 

 shining on the upper surface, pale, and covered, as are the 

 petioles, with a soft, rusty pubescence, which is more devel- 

 oped on the prominent mid-rib, and fifteen or sixteen primary 

 veins. The small, greenish-white, short-pcdiceled flowers are 

 produced in large, terminal, many-branched panicles. The 

 male plant oifly is in cultivation in this country, so far as I 

 know, and the fruit has not, therefore, been seen here. It is 

 described as flattened, and densely covered with short, jjurple 

 or white pubescence. The foliage of this Japanese Rhus as- 

 sumes in theautumn the mostbrilliantorangeandscarletcolors. 

 This character, its neat habit, late blooming and perfect 

 hardiness make this one of the most desirable of the small 

 ornamental trees of recent introduction. 



Two North American species of Clematis, with cylindrical 

 flowers and semi-woody climbing stems, remain ^n liloom 

 here all summer long. They are Clematis crispa and C. Pit- 

 cheri. The former is a native of river-swamps from North 

 Carolina to Texas. This species is well marked by its mem- 

 branous foliage with lax venation, and by the conspicuously 

 undulate margin of the upper part of the sepals, which, when 

 the flower is fully expanded, are reflexed from below the mid- 

 dle. The flowers are solitary, on peduncles rather shorter than 

 the leaves, an inch and a half long, bright purple and very 

 fragrant. The leaves are very variable, ternate or pinnate, 

 the leaflets often deeply lobed, especially those near the base 

 of the stems. There is an excellent figure of this plant in 

 Lavallee's " Les Clt5matites a grandes Fleures" (/. xiv.), and 

 there are figures in the Botanical Magazine, 'i. 1892, and in the 

 Botanical Register, t. 60. It is the C. cordata. Botanical Mag- 

 azine, t. 1816; the C. cylindrica, Botanical Magazitie, t. 1160, 

 and the C. Viorna of Andrew's Botanical Repository, i. 71. 

 Clematis Pitcheri is found in the -country west of the Mis- 

 sissippi River from Missouri to northern Mexico. It may be 

 distinguislied from the last species by its thicker and some- 

 times almost coriaceous leaves and smaller flowers, which are 

 much darker in color, destitute of perfume and borne on 

 peduncles longer than the pinnate leaves, which are com- 

 posed of two to four pairs of ovate, obtuse, generally undi- 

 vided, but sometimes three lobed leaflets. It is well figured 

 by La\-allee, " /. c, t. xv.," who also figures, " /. xviii.," under 

 the name of C. Sargenti, a mere form of this species with 

 rather small flowers" raised from seed distributed from the 

 Arboretum. The fact that these American cylindrical flowered 

 Clematis are perfectly hardy, and that they continue in bloom 

 during several months, make them of considerable garden 

 value, although neither of them are as showy nor as desirable, 

 perhaps, as garden plants, as the scarlet-flowered C. coccinea 

 referred to in an earlier issue of these notes. 



But a far more valuable plant, from an ornamental point of 

 view, is the common \'irgin's Bower, of all eastern North 

 America {Clematis Virginiana), which flowers here during the 

 month of August. . It grows naturally in low, wet places, 

 along the borders of streams and swamps, sending its long, 

 climbing stems over bushes and low trees. The creamy 

 white and verv fragrant flowers .are produced in great pro- 

 fusion in loose, axillary clusters, making this plant, next to 

 the Clethra, the most attractive and interesting of the native 

 shrubs which bloom here at this season. The fruit-clusters, 

 with their long and conspicuous feathery tails, which suc- 

 ceed the flowers in autumn, add materially to the orna- 

 mental ^•alue of this plant. The Traveler's Joy [Clematis 



