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tion in geology and physical geography, viz. :—How they came to be 
submerged and consequently unnoticed for so many years, and what have 
been the causes thereof. In Switzerland the several discoveries of these 
stockaded islands have been attributed to the winter of 1853-54, which 
having been unusually dry and cold, the lakes, deprived of their usual 
supply from the mountains, fell far below the lowest level on record. 
«‘When our Irish crannoges, ‘ little tree [or wooden] islands’ were 
first constructed, and, perhaps, as long as they continued to be used and 
repaired, the surrounding country was well wooded, especially with oak 
and alder, and the lakes rose on the average but to a certain level. As 
the timber was cut down, and the country became ‘cleared,’ these 
fastnesses were destroyed or deserted, and probably the growth of bog 
choking up the natural outlets of these lakes, the islands therein became 
obliterated, not by any submersion of the land, but by the rise of the 
water; subsequently, after the lapse of probably two centuries, these 
structures were again brought to light by drainage of two kinds,—one, 
the result of the general progress of civilization ard gradual agricultural 
improvement throughout the counties of Meath and Antrim, where the 
lakelets in which the crannoges were discovered have altogether disap- 
peared, as at Dunshaughlin and Randalstown—the other resulting from 
the sudden and direct withdrawal of the waters of a lake or district by 
the recent arterial drainage effected by the Board of Public Works in the 
counties of Leitrim and Roscommon.” 
The Rey. Dr. Reeves made the following supplementary observa- 
tions to Mr. Wilde’s paper on certain Crannoges in Ulster :— 
‘The most valuable of the Ulster Inquisitions is one which was sped 
at Antrim on the 12th of July, 1605, to ascertain the bounds and contents 
of the territory of Lower Clandeboy. It remains of record, but the 
original is in part illegible. A good office copy, however, which was 
produced in 1692, in the cause of Dr. Samuel Mathews against Dr. Clau- 
dius Gilbert, and was recently re-employed in the cause of Templemore 
and Donegall, is preserved among the See papers of Down and Connor. 
In it I found the four following notices of crannoges in the county of 
Antrim :— 
“T. § Zuogh Munterrividy :—Et quod est infra metas et bundas ejus- 
dem le tuogh quoddam stagnum vocatum Loughernegilly in quo est in- 
sula fortificata.’ 
“The territory of Munterrividy comprehended the parishes of Drum- 
maul and Shilvodan, with parts of Antrim and Connor, and forms the 
eastern portion of the present barony of Upper Toome. The north- 
western boundary: is represented as passing through a certain moor, 
called ‘the bogg of Moan-loughernagilly,’ leaving the lake called 
Loghernagilly in this tuogh. This name is now utterly unknown in the 
district, and the mom, or ‘bog,’ to which it gave title, is a large tract 
of turf made up of Kilknock bog, Aughterclony bog, Ballybollen bog, and 
