Vy 
one. Now, the long serpent begins the name of Tyre, where it must 
needs be initial; it is, therefore, a fair inference that the unfledged bird 
represents the same consonant terminal. Calling, then, this consonant 
for the present Z, I say that, according to probability, founded on the ana- 
logy of similar characters, this name may be transcribed —Z, —K, ka, —R, 
and read 7z-ak-kar ; or, if the second basin be omitted, 7z-ak-ar. It is 
no objection to this that the wnfledged bird is followed by a small verti- 
cal bar, which, according to most Egyptologists, is to be sounded as a 
vowel. I do not go so far as Baron Bunsen, who, in a review of my pa- 
per of 1846, at the end of the first volume of the English translation of 
his ‘‘ Egypt’s Place” (in which, by the way, he misrepresented my line 
of argument, and took no notice of the proofs on which I chiefly relied), 
affirmed that this bar indicated that the character terminated a syllable. 
I do not say that a character followed by that bar always terminates a 
syllable. It would naturally indicate the contrary; it stands for a cha- 
racter which, with the object represented, would compose the name of 
that object; but, being an expletive character, it is often to be omitted, 
especially in proper names. The mouth with the small bar is generally 
to be read -R when medial; and I believe that it should generally be 
so read when initial; as in the name which has been read Redo, which 
IT read Arba, the Arabs. I now pass to my second proposition—that 
the value of the consonant which, when initial, was represented by the 
long serpent, and, when terminal, by the wnfledged bird, was ST. In 
my former paper I showed that it represented the Hebrew Zsaddi or 
Zayin. Now, I have elsewhere proved that the value of the Assyrian 
letter corresponding to the latter of these had the value sd; and that - 
which corresponded to the former had the strengthened sound of this; 
so that it would represent the Arabic sad followed by ta or lw. The 
Egyptians did not use these rough combinations; and what they would 
naturally substitute for them would be ST. It is thus probable that 
this was the value of those characters; and the probability is increased 
by the following coincidences, though they do not place the value 
beyond question. The word which signifies ‘‘to hate’ is found written 
with (M-, —S), T- and (M-, -S) Z-. This is just what would happen 
if Zwere=ST. Tread the word mzs-t ; and consider it to be connected 
with pucew. The retention of the o, which, if it had originally stood 
alone between two vowels, would have been dropped, and the length of 
the vowel before it, are both accounted for by supposing o to have been 
originally o7, Again, the word ‘to scatter” is written with (Z-, 2), 
which is transcribed by =wp. Here, again, the retention of the o 
(which, if it had stood alone, would, according to analogy, have been 
changed into the aspirate) points to an earlier form =7op; as the pro- 
noun ov is derived from an earlier o7¥. But the Greek root of the same 
signification is otop (whence otepyvyt, &c.) in which the double conso- 
nant is retained. There is another character which is used to express 
the same complete syllable; and it appears to me that in this the mouth 
should be read L. This, at least, seems to be its value in ancient 
inscriptions. I would transcribe it by (Z-,-Z). I speak of the 
