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it and the former is very striking; the bluff, beardless, or well-shaved 
face of the supposed Anglo-Norman contrasting badly with the broad 
and lofty forehead and carefully trimmed beard and moustache of the 
intellectual-looking Celt. 
Fig. 44. This illustration represents a slab of dark-red grit, 4 ft. 
6 in. high, standing in the graveyard of the old church of Kilquain, near 
Mallow, county of Cork. It is called by the people, ‘‘The Sinners’ 
Stone,” and is perforated at one side by a large hole. I cannot help 
thinking that this and other similarly pierced pillar-stones were simply * 
whipping-posts, used not so much for secular as for ecclesiastical offen- 
ders. In the collection of sketches which are before you there will be 
found no less than five such hole-bearing pillars, of various ages: some 
of them Ogham stones, and two of them with no other mark than this 
hole. I should like much to know if the discipline or punishment of 
public whipping was recognised by the early Irish Church either before 
or after the Synod of Cashel. 
Figs. 45, 46. Two views of a remarkably ornamented quern-stone, 
which, when I saw it many years since, was preserved amongst the 
Natural History collection of the Ordnance Survey Office, in the Phoenix 
Park. It is the top stone of a Dish quern, and I believe it to be a work 
of the twelfth century. 
Fig. 47. Another quern, of, very likely, the same age, preserved in 
the Museum of Antiquities in Belfast. It is ornamented with the Greco- 
Trish scroll. 
Fig. 48. This represents a large antique vase, of coarse granitic- 
looking pottery; and when I saw it, more than eight years since, it was 
used as a receptacle for rain-water by the owner, a carpenter named 
Lukeman, living at Castletown demesne, near Pilltown, county of Kil- 
kenny. At the time, I offered a reasonable sum for it, but was refused. 
It would be well if this unique specimen of ancient Irish ceramic art 
could be obtained for the Museum of the Academy, and I have lately 
taken some steps to have this object effected. 
Figs. 49, 50, 51, 52. These represent, in the full size, antique 
carvings, in red deal or pine wood, of axes and spear-heads of the an- 
cient Celtic type. They were all found in Ballinderry Bog, near Tob- 
bermore, county of Derry, in the month of July, 1851, and are now pre- 
served in the Belfast Museum. I regard these mock weapons as toys, 
for there were children in those days who, doubtless, played at soldiers. 
The method of hafting these axe-heads is singular: one is especially so, 
where the head of the axe passed through the thick handle, and was then 
pegged, to keep it in its place. I have shown how it was likely those 
mock weapons were hafted. 
Fig. 53. This last drawing is that of a rude carving, in stone, of a 
nude female figure, placed over a holy well near Kanturk, county 
of Cork ; a very modern work, probably the end of the seventeenth cen- 
tury. 
If as yet I have not been able to contribute as worthily as I would 
wish to the Academy’s publications, I at least can enjoy the pleasure of 
