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development of the cross and circle in such monuments as those at Clon- 
macnoise, Monasterboyce, Dromiskin, &c., &c., and, in the collection of 
sketches now before you, in that of St. Cronan’s cross at Roscrea in the 
county of Tipperary. 
As I cannot at present enter further into this subject, I shall pro- 
ceed to describe the original drawings of antiquities which are now 
before you. 
Crosses.—The second of these illustrations is that of a remarkably 
fine standard cross on the Island of Inis-Mac-Saint in Lough Erne, 
said to be the cross of St. Nen. Ihave no reason to doubt the accuracy 
of this tradition, and believe that this cross bears evidence of being the 
work of the sixth century—St. Nenn, or Nennid, according to Colgan, 
having died A. D. 523 or 530. The cross is formed of three blocks of 
gray limestone, now much weather-worn, being furrowed deeply by the 
action of the rain. The head, or absolute cross, is cut out of one thick 
slab, the flat shaft is another, and the angular plinth the third. They 
are all morticed one into the other. The cross is clearly of the modifie 
Greek form, though very rudely executed. 
The next illustration represents the small cross at St. Doulough’s, in 
the county of Dublin, said to be the cross of St. Doulough, or, more pro- 
perly, Duilech. I have no doubt but that tradition is again correct in 
assigning this cross to the period of the saint whose name it bears. 
If so, its date is the seventh century, and its form in general is remark- 
ably similar to the cross last described. The plinth, formed of steps, 
is clearly modern. 
Fig. 4. This drawing represents one of the standing crosses at Tullagh, 
in the county of Dublin ; its type is that of a cross radiating from a circle, 
the arms being clearly defined by the stone having been widely pierced 
around them at their intersection. The lower arm is prolonged to form 
the shaft, and the whole rests on a large squared plinth. This cross is, 
possibly, of the eighth or ninth century. 
Fig. 5. The next illustration is that of another cross, at the same 
locality as the former, and which may possibly be not quite so ancient as 
it. Its outline is copied from that of the modified Greek form, but the 
cross is decorated by a broad bead or simple moulding, which, most pro- 
bably, passed quite around every portion of itsedge. The field (to use an 
heraldic term) thus enclosed is occupied by a carving in high relief of a 
full-length figure, apparently that of a female. The head of this effigy 
is bare, or at least all trace of any head covering is destroyed, if it was 
ever present. The figure is robed in a long inner garment, which 
reaches to the ankles, just allowing the ends of the feet to appear below 
it. The shoulders are covered by a short cape, which is, apparently, 
attached to a long cloak, held up in front by both hands, the arms being 
bent across the chest in an easy attitude. I think we may regard this as 
a work of the ninth or tenth century. 
Fig. 6. This represents the very fine, and, in one respect, unique 
cross standing in the grave-yard of the Abbey of Kildare, and when it 
rested in its plinth (a square block of granite standing close by, and 
which is nearly five feet in height), it must have been an imposing mo- 
