434 
carewe, and carue ;* hence it commonly denoted a plough-land.t In an 
English charter of Richard I.t a carrucata is declared to consist of 60 
acres. 
The Tate or Tath§ of Fermanagh and Monaghan, together with the 
Poll, the Gallon, the Pottle, and the Pint of Cavan, are all English 
terms, introduced by some unknown influence. To find names of liquid 
measure applied to land is strange ; and still more so when it is remem- 
bered that they are English, and in such an un-English quarter as East 
Breffny. They had all become naturalized long before 1600; for we 
find, soon he that date, townland’ names into en these words enter 
in combination with Irish terms of qualification, as Tattenheglish, Tat- 
tenamona, Tattincaha, Tattinderry, Tattyboy, Tattybrack, Tattyreagh, 
&c.|| So, also, Pottlebane, Pottleboy, Pottleduff, Pottlereagh ; denoting 
White, Yellow, Black, and Mottled Pottle. These last names occur in 
Cavan, where we find also Gallonboy, ‘‘ Yellow Gallon’; Gallonreagh, 
“‘ Mottled Gallon” ; Gallonnambraher, ‘‘ the Friar’s Gallon.” 
But the most interesting word connected with topical nomenclature 
is Bally. Asan existing element it is the most prevalent of all local terms 
in Ireland, there being 6400 townlands, or above a tenth of the sum 
total, into whose names this word enters as an element. And this is a 
much smaller proportion than existed at the beginning of the seventeenth 
century, when there was a tendency, at least in some of the northern 
counties, to prefix Bally to almost every name whose meaning would 
admit ae it.4] 
Baile, in Trish, is supposed by some to be akin to the Latin balliwm 
and villa, ** by the latter of which it is generally translated in inquisi- 
tions. Philologists, however, hesitate to admit the connexion, on the 
ground that the Irish word possesses only a single /;{} and the earliest 
* Spelman observes on the term :—‘‘ Carua seu potius carucata terre, est ea portio 
que ad unius aratri operam designatur, A PLouGHLAND ; Matheo Paris hida. Exolete 
jam pené inter nostrates sunt he voces: florent autem apud Hibernicos (saltem mihi 
notiores) occiduos. Connaciam enim in Comitatus, hos in Baronias, easdemque in caru- 
catas dispescunt: plus minus, 120 acras continentes.”—Glossar. voc. Carua. Ware is 
correct in identifying it with the Carve ; but he should have written the word Carwe.— 
Works, vol. ii., p. 226. 
+ O’Flaherty errs in -connecting carucata with ceatpamad, as a division ‘ que 
ex nominis notione est quarta pars pagi.”—Ogyg., p. 24. There is nothing of a nume- 
rical allusion in the word carucata. 
{ Dugdale, Monast. Angl. vol. ii. p. 107. 
§ There was a division in England called a tothland. In Norfolk and Suffolk also 
there was a custom called tath. 
|| The compounds of Tate or Tatty occur only in the counties of Fermanagh, Monaghan, 
and Tyrone, with the exception of one in Armagh, and a few in Louth. 
{ In the Ulster Inquisitions the counties of Antrim, Armagh, and Pore epecially 
the last, show by their indices the great prevalence of the word. 
me See the Ordnance Memoir of Templemore, p. 210. 
++ Luguballia (which with the prefix caer became softened down into the form 
Carlisle), if the latter member of the name be Celtic, affords an instance ofa British form 
of baile with the double 7. 
