218 Transactions. — Zoology. 



When, as often happens, a leaf or a twig is covered with individuals 

 belonging to two or three different species, it is not always easy to distin- 

 guish between them. If practicable, the males should be hatched out from 

 their puparia : but in the great majority of cases this cannot well be done. 

 It is still more difficult, if not impossible, to follow out and watch the 

 development of the females, a process requiring a regular supply of food 

 during many months. 



2nd Group.— LEG ANID^. 



(Trans., vol. xi., p. 203.) 

 Subsection Lecanio-diaspid^. 

 (Trans., vol. xi., p. 207.) 

 1st Genus, Ctenocliiton, mihi. 

 (Trans., vol. xi., p. 208.) 

 1. Ctenocliiton sjnnosus, mihi. 

 (Trans., vol. xi., p. 212.) 

 The young insects, which may be found beneath the mother in autumn 

 in great numbers, show the marginal spines very prominently. The 

 abdominal lobes are comparatively large, and if it were not for other circum- 

 stances, I should be almost inclined to consider the species as allied some- 

 what to Kermes, a genus in which the young insect has the anal tubercles of 

 the Coccidffi, whilst the adult has the lobes of Lecanium. The antennae of 

 the young C. spinosns have five joints. The upper digitules are long fine 

 hairs : I cannot make out the lower pair. The body is convex above, flat 

 beneath : colour red : length about -J^ inch. 



The peculiarly fringed test of this species is not easily made out on the 

 adult female ; indeed it is easy to mistake the insect then for one of the 

 semi-globular naked Lecaniete. 



2. Ctenocliiton piperis, sp. nov. 

 Figs. 5-8. 

 Young insect of generally normal form of Lecanidse, but the edges have 

 a great number of minute wrinkles, giving them a crenate appearance : the 

 crenations are very apparent on the cephalic portion. The antennae are 

 somewhat thick, with six joints ; on the last joint some hairs. Feet 

 normal ; upper digitules long, fine ; lower pair somewhat broader. The 

 usual setge on the abdominal lobes. 



In the next stage the form generally resembles that of C. perforatus, but 

 the cephalic end is narrower (fig. 5), giving a roughly triangular shape. 

 The edge has the wavy appearance spoken of in Trans., vol. xi., p. 209. 

 Stigmatic spines somewhat stout : there are a few minute spines on the 

 edge. AntennsB rather thick, 6-jointed: on the last joint several hairs. 

 Feet normal of the genus. From the abdominal lobes two setse. The test 

 begins to be apparent in this stage as in C. perforatus : it is waxy and very 



