238 MR. T. HEELIS ON THE TEMPERATURE 



XVII. — On Meteorological Observations^ and Observations 



of the Temperature of the Atlantic Ocean^ 



made on runs from Liverpool to Gibraltar, and from 



Gibraltar to Liverpool, in Septem,ber i860. 



By Thos. Heelis, F.E.A.S. 



Eead before the Physical and Mathematical Section, 

 January 31st, 1861. 



The runs during which these observations were taken 

 were made in large iron screw merchant steamerSj the 

 property of Messrs. Meadows and Bibby. The run out 

 was made in the ship " Crimean^' of (I think) 1006 tons 

 register. The weather during the run was fine and 

 moderate^ with smooth water almost the whole way, the 

 little swell that occurred being met with in the southerly 

 part of the Bay of Biscay. The winds along the coast of 

 Portugal were light at S. and S.S.W., with smooth water. 



The passage home, on the contrary, was stormy and 

 boisterous, the ship {" The Rhone" of 964 tons register) 

 having left Gibraltar in a gale of wind, and having met 

 with bad weather, with a heavy westerly and north- 

 westerly swell, caused (I think) by the approach of the 

 hurricane which ravaged the north of Scotland and the 

 Baltic on the second of October and following days, of 

 which more hereafter. 



The observations of the air and surface water were 

 taken with a thermometer supplied by Mr. Dancer, and 

 the requisite corrections to reduce them to the readings of 



