280 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



infested, and advice was given that they should be at once taken up 

 and destroyed. A week or two later it was learned from Mr. Mor- 

 rell that this had been done, and it was thought that with the 

 destruction of the entire purchase, the scale had been exterminated. 



Thinking it important to know whether the measure had been 

 entirely successful, I visited Mr. Morrell early in November, and 

 was met with the unpleasant intelligence that he was fearful that 

 he still had the insect with him, for he had found upon a single 

 pear what he believed, to be the scale. It proved to be such, — per- 

 haps a half-dozen of individuals being scattered over its surface. 



On examining his orchards, the scale was found abundantly in 

 one of them — • a young pear orchard in which a few trees had 

 borne fruit, for the first, the present year. Some of the trees were 

 moderately infested — perhaps a half-dozen scales or less being 

 found upon them ; on others the scale was so numerous as to fairly 

 encrust the branches and most of the trunk. It was apparent that 

 the latter were those upon which the insect had been introduced, 

 and from which they had been scattered throughout the orchard by 

 the agency of birds or otherwise to individual trees in various por- 

 tions of it. 



Most, if not all, of the stock of this orchard, had been purchased 

 of the New Jersey nursery two years preceding the planting of 

 that which had been taken up and destroyed — the condition of this 

 having been overlooked at the time. A. large portion of the 

 orchard was critically gone over by me, and the .trees marked which 

 called for special care in the application of the winter wash recom- 

 mended, and those which should be at once taken up and burned. 

 The examination of the remainder of the orchard was subsequently 

 made, and a number of infested trees discovered. So determined 

 was Mr. Morrell to rid himself of this pest, that rather than wait 

 for a winter treatment, all of the infested trees, as he has informed 

 me, were taken up and burned : he believed that he did not have a 

 scale remaining in his orchard. If it should prove that in this he 

 has been over-confident, there is every reason to believe that within 

 another year, the scale will be exterminated in this locality. 



As the scale occurs also on the leaves — usually in rows along the 

 midrib on the upper side, it was recommended to Mr. Morrell that 

 the leaves from the worst infested trees which at the time of my 



