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tus, in Dublin, and Clirist Church was founded by Sitric Mac 

 Olaf, King of Dublin. The Ostmen continued to have bishops 

 in Dublin until the English invasion ; they had also bishops 

 in Waterford and Limerick. The Bishops of Dublin and Wa- 

 terford were, as an effect of the connexion between the Ost- 

 men and their relatives in Kent, consecrated by the Arch- 

 bishop of Canterbury ; and that, perhaps, may have been a 

 reason why the Archbishop of Armagh continued to hold the 

 station of Lord Primate of all Ireland, rather than the Arch- 

 bishop of Dublin, the metropolis of the country. There is no 

 doubt but that the Norsemen possessed considerable influence 

 in the towns above-mentioned, and in Cork, until the English 

 invasion. In the year 1095, Godfrid Meranagh, King of the 

 Ostmen, had ninety ships in the harbour of Dublin; and men- 

 tion is made in the Irish annals of a meetingat A thboy of Tlactga, 

 in the year 1167, when as many as 1000 of the Danes of Dublin 

 were present. Both in Dublin and Cork they resisted the 

 English; and in the year 1171, more than a century and a half 

 after the battle of Clontarf, the Norse Prince of Dublin, Has- 

 culf, whowas expelled by the English Earl Strongbow, returned 

 to Dublin with sixty ships, and tried to regain possession of 

 the city. Even in the year 1263, the Irish applied to the 

 Norse king, Hakon Hakonson, then on an expedition to the 

 western islands of Scotland, to assist them against the English, 

 which it is not probable they would have done, if there had not 

 been remnants of the Ostmen in Ireland. Giraldus Cambrensis 

 mentions a remarkable fact, that after the occupation of Dub- 

 lin by the English, 400 of the Danes of Dublin were taken 

 into the English army. One may well ask, how could the 

 Ostmen have kept up their influence in the towns of Ireland 

 after the expeditions from Scandinavia to Ireland had ceased, 

 if they had not carried on trade and commerce, and been of 

 great use to the Irish, whose daughters the Ostmen very often 

 married ? 



Partiality might be imputed to Mr. Worsaae, because he 



