224 Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 



at 257 feet the mound is greatly levelled, and turns a little northwards off 

 the straight line (off for 15 feet at the west end). The works are still over 

 350 feet, and were once at least 370 feet long. Behind the mound are three 

 greatly defaced house-sites, one with a large white quartz block ; the rampart 

 there is 15 feet wide ; at the west the ends of the fosse are neatly rounded 

 off like those of Dunnagappul on Clare Island, and are evidently intact. 



The lesser fortified head is on the west flank. There is first a very slight 

 ditch with low weatherworn mounds. At 96 feet on from this is a natural 

 hollow, 46 feet long, at a well-marked fault. It has been scarped and deepened 

 into a fosse 9 feet wide below, and 18 feet at the field, 10 feet deep in 

 the middle, and nearly twice as much at the ends. The platform has traces 

 of the usual thin fences, scarcely rising above the garth, and probably once 

 capped with dry-stone walls. It is 60 feet long east and west, and 36 feet 

 across near the fosse. Across the southern cove, " Trawnamurraoge," the 

 natural fosse reappears, being there only a few feet deep, and getting more 

 shallow till it is lost in the field. There is no trace of its being used for 

 entrenchment or of any foundation of another wall, and the other little 

 headlands to the south-east side have no old fences. 



Other Sites. 



The other types are not represented, so far as I know, unless the shore 

 rock of "Foillaneen Cashel," in Tankardstown, near Knockmahon, was once 

 fortified. There are some suggestive sites like the little rock platform (near 

 Droghideen and the " Tea Eock," south of Ardmore, near Kam's head), a 

 miniature replica of the Duns at Kinure, near Kinsale. Other rocks, small 

 equivalents to Dane's Island, are found as I said at Coosliamgowel, near 

 Coolum, and at a cove west from Dunabrattin. I saw no walling or fences 

 on them. 



Ballykioiurry (0. S. 40). — It is a larger but similar little platform, 

 connected to the main cliff by a long natural " dyke " a few feet wide, in 

 parts even narrower. It lies in Ballykilmurry 2 and near Cooshanimma 

 (Cabhas an Zme), Causeway (or cove) of the butter, in Decies within Drum, 

 and to the west of Pdnanillaun. It recalls the cliff-forts of Dun Mueaig, 

 or Muieinis, on the Island of Seil in Argyllshire. 3 The platform was levelled 

 up and scooped out, leaving a bank to the west and north-west, the other 



1 Inq. Chancery, Car. I, No. 51, and Inq. Exchr. of same, No. 1 Domnebrattin, &c. 

 - Baile mhic Giolla Mhuire, from a reputed Norse family of note in the history of 

 Co. Waterford. See Journal R. S. Antt. Ir., vol. xxxi, p. 302. 

 3 " Early Forts of Scotland " (Dr. David Christison), fig. 33. 



