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REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1901 (25 
trap strip round the sides of a field to be sown with wheat 
and fortunately this is not necessary because, from what we 
know of the habits of the flies, it is very likely that they would 
be attracted to a patch of wheat sown some little distance, a 
half mile or more from the field which it was proposed to put 
into wheat. It would be better undoubtedly to have a trap 
strip beside the field, but if that is impossible, much may 
be gained by sowing a small patch of wheat at some little dis- 
tance and turning it under as proposed above. 
Burning stubble and chaff. This has been recommended by a 
number of writers but in western New York at least the com- 
mon practice of sowing to grass with wheat, prohibits the burn- 
ing of the stubble. This objection would not hold in regard 
to burning the chaff from the threshing machines and this might 
well be done in case the wheat is at all infested by the Hessian 
fly. | 
Plowing under stubble. This is also impractical in cases where 
erass follows wheat but in other instances it would certainly 
do no harm if the stubble is at all infested, and it is advised 
where no additional labor or expense be entailed. 
Rotation of crops. The judicious rotation of crops will wun- 
doubtedly do considerable toward reducing the ravages of this 
insect, particularly if care is taken to have the wheat fields of 
successive years at some distance from each other. 
Destruction of volunteer wheat.. The Hessian fly breeds in volun-— 
teer wheat, and wherever possible without incurring undue 
labor and expense such wheat should be destroyed or plowed 
under before it can produce the adult flies. 
BIBLIOGRAPHY 
The following citations include most of the more important early notices 
of this insect and nearly all of those relating to the recent injuries by it in 
New York. 
1792 Havens, J. N. Observations on the Hessian fly. Soc. in N. Y. 
for promoting agric., arts and mfgr’s. Trans. pt. 1, p. 89-107 (observations 
on origin, ravages, life history and remedies). 
1817 Say, Thomas. Original description and notes on life history. 
Acad. nat. sci. Jour. 1:45-48; same republished in Le Conte. Say’s Complete 
writings. 1883. 2:4-6. 
