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REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1901 
is paid to its operations. It was not only seriously dam- 
aging young trees there, but it was commonly present in 
greater or less numbers at the base of the older ones. It was 
found quite abundant in an orchard of young trees in East 
Greenbush, where seven good sized grubs were taken from 
the base of a small tree not over 3 inches in diameter. 
There is no doubt that persistent and thorough digging or cut- 
ting out of these grubs and the use of a protective wrapper at 
the base of the trees are all that is necessary to control this 
pest. The cost of these measures is very slight compared with 
the value of the orchard. 
Red-headed flea beetle. Systena frontalis Forst. The 
destructive tendencies of this little black, red-headed flea beetle 
have been noticed in a recent report. This 
year it was received, in company with other 
insects, as a depredator on grapevines. It 
probably, as in preceding cases, had bred in 
weeds, and, when numerous, turned its atten- 
tion to more valuable plants. 
Forest * tent-caterpillar, Clisiocampa j ‘ 
disstria Hibn. This insect has been a 
most serious pest in New York state for the 
; Fic.11 Red headed flea bee- 
last four or five years, and in localities here “¢ “uch enlarged (original) 
and there it has proved exceedingly destructive this sea- 
son. The outbreak of 1901, so far as could be learned, 
was much more limited in area than in earlier years and 
confined largely to sections adjacent to where the insect 
had been specially abundant previously. The caterpillar ap- 
pears as a rule to be unable to exist in large numbers 
in one locality for more than four or five years in gsucces- 
sion. This is probably to be explained by the local activity 
of natural enemies. Another marked feature has been the 
increasing predominance of tie pest in orchards. It is perhaps 
hardly necessary to add that most of the injuries in orchards 
could have been prevented by timely and thorough spraying. 
JourTer 
