854 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 
Silkworms 
The mulberry silkworm is the insect which produces all the 
raw material from which silks are manufactured. Several 
_related species are also represented in the collection. 
159 Mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori Linn. 
160 Cynthia moth, Samia cynthia Dru. 
161 Polyphemus moth: American silkworm, Telea poly- 
phemus Cram. 
162 Japanese silkworm, Antheraea yamimai Guer. 
163 Chinese silkworm, Antheraea pernyi Guer. | 
SCALE INSECTS, Coceidae (64-202) 
A natural group of great economic importance. 
Chief articles on the group” 
Comstock, J. H. U. S. dep’t agric. Rep’t, ’80. p. 276-349; Cornell univ. 
-dep’t ent, 2d rep’t, ’88. p. 45-147. 
Cockerell, T. D. A. Check list of the Coccidae. Ill. state lab. nat, hist. 
Bul. ’96, v. 4, art. 11, p. 318- 39; supplement, Ill. state lab. nat. hist. ou 
799. v. 5, art. 7, p. 389-98. 
164 Cottony cushion scale insect, Icerva purchasi Mask. 
This species is of interest on account of its threatening the 
destruction of the citrus fruit industry of California about 1880. 
Principal food plants: citrus trees. 7 . 
Treatment: Importation of natural enemies, fumigation with 
hydrocyanic acid gas. 
Chief articles: Riley, CC. Ve Us: “aep’ t agric. Rep’t, ’86. p. 
466-91. 2 
165 Elm tree bark louse, Gossyparia ulmi Geoff. Prin- 
‘cipal food plant: European elms. 
Treatment: Spray with kerosene emulsion or a whale oil soap | 
solution in early spring. 
Chief accessible articles: Lintner, J. A., state ent. 12th ope 
’96.' p. 292-97; Felt, E. P. N.-¥. state mus; Bul: 200 98: p. ies 
—— -— Bul. 27. ’99. p. 46; —— Fisheries, game and forest 
“com. 5th rep’t, 99. p. 375-79. 
166 Oak kermes, Kermes galliformis Riley. Princi- 
pal food plant: oaks; rarely injurious. 3 
