TA NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 
found in the Mohawk valley. Some of it may be irrelevant, but 
no more appropriate place may be found for it: 
In the modern sites there is found a great variety of traders’ © 
iron and copper work. I have some; principally iron axes, hoes, 4 
padlocks, jew’s harps, thimbles, knives—some made from files, — | 
cold chisels, steels, ete. Copper kettles are found in graves, | 
as well as ornaments of copper. I have but a few. Venetian — 
beads are in great variety. Nails, buckles, and horse shoes are ~ 
found; also hinges, gun locks and barrels. Every digger has © } 
some novelty. Most of the iron axes found here, marked with ~ 
one, two and three crosses, were made at Utrecht for the Indian © 
trade. The white clay pipes marked R. T., E. B., and others,” 
are English, while some others are Dutch. They were given |) 
to the Indians by thousands. Grés de Flanders ware was 9) 
brought in small quantities by the traders. I have one jug q 
from a grave, and I know of one other with the arms of the © 
city of Amsterdam on it. There is a curious white earthen — | 
vessel in the Richmond collection, from a grave, and I have © | 
heard of a few other pieces of earthenware. Bottles are sin- 4) 
gularly scarce. I know of one “apostle spoon.” I never heard © | 
of a single steel trap being found. English gun flints are not © 
uncommon. A rum bottle with W. J. impressed (said by the > 
finder to mean William Johnson) came from the site of the | 
Jogues shrine. | 
The writer again calls attention to the fact that the so called © | 
French axes were most of them made in the Netherlands. Ita 
is quite the fashion in the interior of New York to call any — 
early European remains French and there are several nominal © 
French forts where none ever stood. Articles of a religious a 
character mostly came from that nation. | 
Steel traps were commonly used at a distance from the towns — 
and were not likely to be lost at home. The writer has found 
but one small one on an Indian site. This may be recent, but 
seems antique. Bottles are rare and may have been little used. 
The Indian did not drink while hunting, but emptied the keg 4 
at village feasts. Cups were used then, and several silyer ones 
have been found. | 4 
The above summary does not include everything furnished in 
the Indian trade, but no one who reads it will be surprised to 
find any article of the period on any Indian site later than | 
the middle of the 17th century. It was a simple question of 
