578 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



Treatment : protect base of tree with wire netting. Dig out the young 

 borers in the fall. Cut and burn badly infested trees. 



7 Pear midge (Diplosis pyrivora). Dwarfed, deformed 

 fruit drops early, and within occur thick bodied, pale yellow maggots. 



Treatment : destroy infested fruit. 



8 Peach bark borer (Scolytus rugulosus). Bark of 

 affected trees punctured with many small, circular holes, made by brown- 

 ish black beetles less than ys in. long. Inner portions of bark and sap 

 wood filled with burrows. 



Treatment : burn badly infested trees. Apply carbolic soap wash to 

 trunks and limbs in early spring. 



9 Pear blight beetle (Xyleborus dispar). Bark of af- 

 fected trees punctured with many small, circular holes made by dark 

 brown beetles about yi in. long. Inner portions of bark and sap wood 

 filled with burrows. 



Treatment : burn badly infested trees. 



ID 17 year cicada (Cicada septendecim). Slit and 

 broken twigs with wilting leaves are characteristic work of this insect, 

 but unless the trees are small not much damage is done. 



Prevention : avoid setting out trees in last few years before cicadas are 

 due. 



11 Apple tree bark louse (Mytilaspis pomorum). Bark 

 infested with brownish scales shaped like oyster shells. Occurs on many 

 other trees. Winter passed as white eggs under old scales, the young ap- 

 pearing about June i. 



Treatment : spray young with kerosene emulsion or whale oil soap 

 solution. 



12 Scurfy bark louse (Chionaspis furfurus). The 

 whitish, scurfy scales occur on the bark of fruit trees. The purplish eggs 

 remain under old scales all winter, the young appearing about June i. 



Treatment : spray young with kerosene emulsion or whale oil soap. 



13 San Jose scale (Aspidiotus perniciosus). A small 

 circular scale not readily seen unless very abundant. Infests many trees 

 and shrubs. The specimens show variations in the appearance of the 

 scales and how it may be disseminated by budding. Young appear from 

 early June till cold weather. 



Treatment : destroy badly infested trees, specially if young, and spray 

 others thoroughly with kerosene emulsion or whale oil soap solution. 

 Fumigate with gas. 



