POLISHED STONE ARTICLES USED BY THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 21 



Fig. 37 is a broad and flat gouge of brown haematite, from Van 

 Buren. The broad depression is carried from end to end. Most 

 of those of this form are of the same material, which is quite smooth 

 but shows abundant pits with the polish. On this one an Indian 

 and arrows have been marked with a fine point, doubtless by a 

 much later hand. It is three and three fourths by two and one 

 fourth inches wide, a common size. 



Fig. 38 is a small gouge of the long variety, made of brown sand- 

 stone, three and three eighths by one and one half inches. It is 

 from the north shore of Oneida Lake, and is grooved from end to 

 end. Fig. 39 is also a small one, probably originally much like the 

 last. It seems to have been broken, and then ground down to a 

 celt-like edge, having part of the groove unchanged. Others occur 

 where this has been done. This is of black basalt, and was found at 

 Brewerton. The top is probably unaltered, and the present size is 

 two and seven eighths inches by one and one fourth wide. For 

 most purposes it is a gouge still. Fig. 40 presents the same feature, 

 very little of the groove remaining. It is of grey sandstone, now 

 flattened by this secondary work, and is four and five eighths by 

 one and three fourths inches. 



Fig. 42 is a very broad gouge from the vicinity of Oneida Lake, 

 made of greenstone, and six and one fourth by two and one half 

 inches. The broad groove is but two and one half inches long. 

 Fig. 43 is much like this at one end, having a groove of similar out- 

 line. At the other end, however, the lines of another groove take 

 a reverse sweep. Both ends are depressed. The material is green- 

 stone, mottled with white, and the dimensions are four and three 

 quarters by two inches. It was found near the Oswego River. 



Fig. 45 is a fine long gouge of the usual size and form, from 

 Oneida Lake. It is of black basalt, eight and one quarter by two and 

 one quarter inches. Some others there were much larger. These 

 long gouges are frequent, varying from four to ten and one half 

 inches long, and they are always finely finished, but are not so com- 

 mon as the other forms. They occur throughout the St. Lawrence 

 drainage in the East. 



Fig. 54 is one of those we have termed long gouges, but it has a 

 broad smooth groove across the back, not unique and yet a rare 



