26 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



were carefully packed in their cells or laid on moist cotton, 

 otherwise the fatalities would have been much higher. Cage 

 experiments in the field show that from 50$ to 75$ or even a 

 larger proportion may be destroyed by timely cultivation [see 

 p. 27]. These facts have a very important bearing on remedial 

 measures, as will be pointed out under that head. 



EXPERIMENTAL WORK I]V 1903 



This is a very convenient heading under which to group a num- 

 ber of records of work carried on under similar conditions, 

 yielding data which can be readily tabulated and which should 

 be discussed under various headings. This work was conducted 

 in the vineyard of Mr D. K. Falvay of Westfield, who contributed 

 not a little to its success. 



Eight large, thrifty Concord vines of as nearly uniform size 

 and conditions as could be determined by examination were care- 

 fully covered by wire cages [pi. 7, 8] so arranged that no insects 

 such as Fidia could escape, nor could any enter from outside. 

 The cages were numbered respectively from one to five, running 

 from east to west. Numbers 1, 2 and 5 contained two vines each 

 and numbers 3 and 4 but a single vine. Number 1 was a check 

 cage, which was watched carefully for the purpose of comparing 

 with conditions obtaining in other cages. Number 2 included 

 two Concord vines around which the soil had been carefully hoed 

 at the time the majority of the insects were in the pupal stage. 

 The work was not more thorough than could have been done by a 

 horse and cultivator. The vine in number 3 was sprayed with 

 arsenate of lead, 1 pound to 50 gallons of water. The first appli- 

 cation was made June 19 and the second June 27. The work was 

 done by Mr Barden, who used a small hand atomizer and took 

 special pains in each instance to cover every portion of the foliage 

 so far as was possible. The vine in number 4 was sprayed with 

 a poisoned bordeaux mixture, 6 pounds of copper sulfate, 6 

 pounds of lime and £ pound of paris green being used to 40 

 gallons of water. The spraying was done by the same person and 

 in the same manner as in the case of cage 3. The vines in number 

 5 were reserved for the purpose of determining exactly when the 

 beetles appear above ground, and it was visited at intervals of 

 a few days to a week or thereabout and the beetles removed till 

 practically all had emerged. The tabulated record is as follows : 



