GRAPEVINE ROOT WORM 47 



Recommendations. Apparently no one method can be relied 

 on to control this insect, and our recommendations may be sum- 

 marized as follows. Plan cultural operations so that a firm ridge 

 of earth may be horse-hoed from the- vines or otherwise cultivated 

 or disturbed when the great majority of the insects are in the 

 pupal stage and take special pains to stir the soil thoroughly in 

 the near vicinity of the stem. Thorough cultivation and well en- 

 riched soil will do much in aiding the vines to withstand attack. 

 This, supplemented by collecting beetles, particularly with a de- 

 vice which will catch them without the delay incident to stopping 

 at each vine, is advisable on badly infested areas during the first 

 two weeks after the adult insects appear in any numbers. The 

 latter may possibly be supplemented or replaced by thorough 

 spraying with an arsenical poison, preferably arsenate of lead, 

 when the beetles begin to appear. Evidence at hand regarding 

 spraying for this insect is not satisfactory, and for the present 

 we prefer to limit our indorsement to above named methods of 

 known value. We believe that these two courses, intelligently 

 applied, afford a most feasible and thoroughly practical solution 

 of the difficulty. bibliogkaphy 



1886 Walsh, B. D. Pract. Ent. 1:99. (Injurious in Kentucky) 



1887 Pract. Ent. 2:87-88, fig. (Original description and 



observations on habits and allied species) 



1867 Pract. Ent. 2:118. (Injurious in St Louis and 



Bluffton Mo.) 



1868 Riley, C. V. Noxious, Beneficial and other Insects of 

 Missouri. 1st Eep't, p.132-33. (Brief general notice) ; same in 

 Mo. State Board Agric. 4th Eep't 1868, 1869. 



1870 Amer. Ent. and Botanist, 2:307, fig. 188. (Re- 

 ceived from Bunker Hill Mo.) 



1872 Kridelbaugh, S. H. la. State Hort. Soc. Eep't 1871, p.159. 

 (Injurious to leaves, remedies) 



1873 Crotch, G. R. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. 24:33-34. (De- 

 scribed as F. in u r i n a) 



1879 Stout, 0. E. Kan. State Hort. Eep't 9:89. (Brief notice) 

 1885 Lef evre, Ed. " Catalogus Eumolpidarum " Soc. Roy. Sci. 



Liege Mem. Ser. 2, v.ll, separate, p.76. (Described as F. 



luri d a) 



