MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS SAPERDA 23 



moderate in thickness. The pygidium of the female has a deep 

 longitudinal depression along the median line, dividing it into 

 two lobes. 



Its work is unknown. Mr J. J. Rivers and Dr H. C. Van Dyke 

 have both taken it from willow. 



Bibliography 

 1902 Joutel, L. H. Ent. News, 13:33-34 (Original description) 



Saperda Candida Fabr. 



Round-headed appletree borer 



There is perhaps no better known enemy of appletrees than 

 the above named insect. The common designation, apple borer, 

 usually refers to this insect, though by common consent it is 

 gradually becoming known as the round-headed appletree 

 borer in contradistinction to the destructive flat-headed species, 

 Chrysobothris femorata Fabr., which is frequently 

 very abundant in appletrees. The round-headed appletree borer 

 is particularly injurious to young trees, and it is probably respon- 

 sible for the death of more of these than all other natural agents 

 combined. 



Early history.. This species was very early known as a 

 notorious pest throughout New England and the Middle states 

 according to Dr Harris. Mr Philip Heartt of Troy lost in 1825 

 several hundred young appletrees which he valued at $2000, 

 many of them being so seriously affected that the base of their 

 trunks was literally honeycombed by the galleries. The late 

 Dr Asa Fitch stated that, of $10,000 worth of trees sold in 

 Washington county in 185 1, fully one half were destroyed within 

 eight years. Not infrequently the borers were so abundant as 

 entirely to girdle the tree. Mr William Couper, in 1862, attrib- 

 uted the great destruction of appletrees about Quebec to the 

 ravages of this insect. Mr D. B. Wier, of Wisconsin, writing 

 of this species in 1872, characterizes it as one of the worst 

 enemies of fruit trees and states as his opinion, that it would 

 destroy 5000 out of 10,000 young trees within three years. Dr 



