64 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



the larva in a young gall are shown in section on plate J, figure 2> 

 and the manner in which the stem may be eaten by a larva 

 working in its center at figure 2a [See also pi. 13]. 



The larvae are ^4 inch long on the approach of winter, accord- 

 ing to Dr Hamilton's observations, when they retire into the 

 wood a little farther and close the opening of their burrows 

 with borings. One of the larvae, and in thick limbs two or three, 

 bore obliquely till one of them reaches the center of the limb, 

 up which it proceeds often two or three inches. The others 

 parallel this gallery but maintain a partition between the burrows. 

 The larvae near the center are much larger, often twice the size 

 of those inhabiting the outer wood, and are the only ones that 

 produce beetles, as stated by Dr Hamilton. In our experience the 

 different sized larvae indicate male and female and unless parasitized 

 all emerge. 



We can not entirely agree with the following observations regard- 

 ing this species also by Dr Hamilton: 



The whole of the interior of the limb is now dead wood in- 

 closed by a growth of living but unsound woody tissue, through 

 which some openings remain. Many of the larvae in the outside 

 wood perish during the winter, and the survivors, after feeding 

 a while in the spring, likewise die, their mission seeming to have 

 been merely to insure a sufficiency of dead wood to sustain the 

 life of the favored few destined for full development. 



The larvae in the deep wood return in the spring and feed on 

 the dead tissues, which are now abundant enough for all their 

 wants, and by autumn they are nearly full grown. Some of the 

 larvae do not return in the spring of the second year to feed on 

 the dead wood at the entrance of the burrow, but bore directly 

 up and down the center of the limb for a distance of 16 to 24 

 inches before pupating. Those which feed on the dead wood 

 near the entrance to the wound are nearly full grown by autumn. 

 They again retire for the winter and in the spring, after opening 

 up communication with the outside world, feed for a short time 

 and when full grown measure about }i inch in length. They now 

 return to their burrows for the final transformations. Some of 



