y6 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



1896 Beutenmuller, William. N. Y. Ent. Soc. Jour. 4:80 (In poplars and 



willows) 

 1896 Leng, C. W. & Hamilton, John. Am. Ent. Soc. Trans. 23:147, 151 



(Systematic account) 

 1898 Johnston, James. Can. Ent. 3071 (Taken at Hamilton Ont. May i, 



June on swamp willow) 



1898 Wickham, H. F. Can. Ent. 30:42 (Specific characters, food plants) 



1899 Lugger, Otto. Minn. Agric. Exp. Sta. Bui. 66, p. 215 (Forms galls 



in young aspen trunks); same in Ent. Agric. Exp. Sta. 5th Rep't, 



P-I3I 

 1899 Smith, J. B. Ins. N. J. State Bd Agric. 27th Rep't, sup. p.297 



(Wherever swamp willows occur) 

 1902 Dury, Charles. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist. Jour. 22:163 (Listed) 



EXPLANATION OF PLATES 3 



PLATE 1 



Saperda Candida 



Appletree borer 



1 Beetle at rest on the bark 



2 Scar indicating the presence of a young grub beneath and 



also showing a characteristic oviposition slit 



3 Sawdust or borings ejected by half or two thirds grown 



larva. This is usually found very close to trfe base of the 

 tree. 



4 Exit hole of the beetle, in section 



5 Borer or grub preparing its pupal chamber 



6 Pupal chamber with exit hole of beetle shown at 7 



8 Blackened old burrow seen in trees attacked a year or two 

 earlier 



PLATE 2 



Saperda calcarata 



Poplar borer 



1 Beetle at rest on the bark 



2 Pupa in its chamber, and below it a mass of long fibrous 



tissues, partly torn from the sides of the burrow 



3 Larva or borer in its gallery. This illustration shows the 



expanded character of the burrow near the orifice through 

 which the larva ejects its numerous borings. The black- 

 ened appearance of old galleries is also represented, as 

 well as their occurrence at different depths in the wood. 



Executed from nature by the junior author, L. H. Joutel, New York. 



