PLANTS OF NORTH ELBA 127 



young shoots and leaves develop earlier in the season than those of the 

 other species, its young twigs being 2 to 4 inches long when the 

 terminal buds of the others are just beginning to burst and reveal their 

 contents. A dwarf form occurs on the top of Mt Mclntyre, in which the 

 leaves are shorter and more slender than in the common form and are 

 without the glaucous hue. It bears no cones and is referred to this 

 species because its twigs are glabrous. 



Picea Mariana {Mill) B. S. P. 



P. 7iigra Lk. P. nigra var. rubra Engelm. 



Black spruce 



Considerable confusion and difference of opinion have resulted from 

 recent efforts to identify the red spruce of Lambert and separate it from 

 the black spruce of early writers. The Manual, accepting Dr Engel- 

 mann's view, admitted it in the last edition as a variety of the black 

 spruce, and this is in harmony with the view of that most excellent bot- 

 anist and dendrologist, Michaux. In Illustrated flora it is admitted as a 

 distinct species, but I have failed to find any spruce in the Adirondacks 

 that shows well the characters therein ascribed to it. The upland form 

 with dark green foliage and larger cones, which in the Manual is taken 

 to be a variety of the black spruce, has recently been published by 

 Prof. Sargent as a distinct species to which he has given the name Picea 

 rubens. This is understood by him to be the same as Lambert's red 

 spruce, P. rubra. We have followed the Manual in classing it with the 

 black spruce. 



Picea brevifolia Pk. 

 Swamp spruce 



Peat bogs and marshes. Averyville swamp, Hidden swamp and Wood 

 farm swamp. This is taken by Prof. Sargent in Silva of North America 

 to be a small form of the black spruce, P. Mariana. It differs in some 

 respects from the characters ascribed by him to the black spruce and it 

 seems best to keep it distinct. 



P. brevifolia semiprostrata Pk. 



A small sterile half prostrate form found on the open summit of Mt 

 Mclntyre and Mt Wright. All the spruces of North Elba blossom in 

 June. 



