SHADE TREE PESTS 55 



bottom of a spring wagon along with the ioo-gallon tank containing the 

 poisonous mixture. This motor has the advantage of being almost noise- 

 less in operation and is scarcely noticed by passing horses. It is very 

 inexpensive to operate, as a gallon of gasoline is sufficient for a day and 

 it requires little attention. The smallest size Gould 3-piston pump is the 

 one used with the motor, though Dr Southwick now recommends a 

 larger one in order to utilize the power more fully. This apparatus, with 

 the tank, 400 ft of f in. rubber hose and other necessary fittings, can be 

 bought for $475. Other engines and pumps could undoubtedly be used 

 and would give good results. This power can easily supply four lines of 

 hose, though in Albany not more than two can be used to advantage in 

 most places. 



Mr P. C. Lewis, of Catskill, N. Y., who was in charge of the spraying 

 in Albany in 1898, had several interesting devices for saving time and 

 increasing the efficiency of the work. He designed a modified steplad- 

 der, about 16 feet high with platforms for two men and on two of its 

 legs there are small wheels which permit ready removal from place to 

 place. It is so constructed that it can be folded up and drawn behind 

 the wagon when some distance is to be traversed. He also had in con- 

 stant use a metal extension 25 feet long. The lower portion is composed 

 of larger tubing, thus making it stiffer and at the same time rendering it 

 easier to handle because the greater part of the weight is near the 

 operator. This extremely long extension is suspended by a rope from 

 the top of the modified stepladder in such a manner that the man has only 

 to guide the stream. This arrangement does away with all climbing, as 

 it was found impracticable to attempt to reach the tops of the taller trees. 

 In many instances the huge steps could be placed in the middle of the 

 street and the trees on both sides sprayed either from the steps or from 

 the ground. 



Arsenical compounds. These are effective against insects which 

 devour portions of a plant and of value only when placed where they 

 will be eaten. The following formulae are recommended: 



Paris green 1 pound 



Quicklime 1 pound 



Water 100-300 gallons 



London purple 1 pound 



Quicklime 2-3 pounds 



Water 100-300 gallons 



The more common proportion is at the rate of 1 pound of the poison 

 to 150 gallons of water, and less should be used on the more tender 

 foliage like that of the peach or there may be serious injury. For the 



