3<02 THE REIGN OF LAW 



organ, nor with any of its parts, nor with the 

 materials of which it is composed, nor even with 

 its mechanism as a whole. It does not follow, for 

 example, that Electricity is identical with the 

 tissues of a fish, because it is developed out of the 

 battery of a Torpedo or a Gymnotus. Yet it is 

 true that the development and discharge of Elec- 

 tricity is the "function" of those Fish-organs: — 

 that is to say, this is the work which they have 

 been adjusted to perform. Still less do we con- 

 found Thought with Brain when we acknowledge 

 the fact that Brain in our Organism is inseparably 

 connected with the power of thinking. 



Yet inferences as false as this, and very nearly 

 related to it, have actually been drawn by eminent 

 men from the facts of cerebral action. Thus it has 

 been declared that a knowledge of Brain, under a 

 name which is in itself a fallacy — Phrenology — is 

 the only sure foundation of Mental Science. This 

 is a mere confusion of thought, even if the phreno- 

 logical mapping of the Brain were as certainly 

 correct as it is really doubtful. That particular 

 faculties of the Mind may be connected with parti- 

 cular portions of the Brain, is not in itself more difn- 



